Four Noble Truths. Basic Buddhist doctrine. Existence is suffering, suppressed by following the 8-fold path.

Four Power Pacific Treaty. 1921. Britain, France, Japan, USA agree to mutual respect of rights.

Fourier, Charles. 1772-1837. French socialist philosopher. His utopia was attempted in US, Brook Farm, a voluntary cooperative.

Fourier, Jean. 1768-1830. French mathematician/ physicist. Flow of heat 1822. Analysis of cyclical phenomena.

Fowler, H.W. 1858-1933. English lexicographer. Dictionary of Modern English Usage 1926.

France. 6C BC Celt, Greek colonies. 51BC Rome. 3-5C Franks, Visigoths inv. 481 Merovingian emp. 751 Carolingian. 843 Split = W Frankish Kingdom. 987 Capetian. 1016 + Burgundy. 1378 Valois dyn. 1589 Bourbon dyn. 1792 Republic. 1799 Consulate. 1804 Empire. 1814 Monarchy rest. 1848 2nd Republic. 1852 2nd Empire. 1870 3rd Republic. 1940 German occupation. 1946 4th Republic. 1958 5th Republic.

France, Anatole. 1844-1924. French short story writer. The Red Lily 1894.

France, Battle. June 5-16, 1940. Germany takes France.

France, College of. Created by Francis I in 1530 as the 3 Language College: Latin, Hebrew, Greek.

Francesca, Piero della. 1406-92. Italian fresco painter. Story of the True Cross 1465.

Francis I. 1708-65. Holy Roman Emperor, 1745-. Husband of Maria Theresa. Wars of Polish and Austrian Succession.

Francis Joseph I. 1830-1916. Austrian Empire. 1848-. King of Hungary 1867-. Bismarck. Triple Alliance. Dual Monarchy.

Franciscans. 1209. Religious order founded by St. Francis of Assisi. Missionary and educational work. Includes Capuchins, Conventuals, Observants, Zealots.

Franco de Colonia. 13C. Systemized musical notation.

Franco-Prussian War. 1870-1. Unified Germany dominated by Prussia, wins Alsace-Lorraine. Commune. Ems Dispatch.

Frank, Anne. 1929-45. German Jew in Amsterdam. 2 yrs in hiding from Nazis. Diary 1947.

Frankfurt, Treaty. 1871. Ended Franco-Prussian War. France paid indemnity, gave up Alsace-Lorraine.

Frankfurt Assembly. 1848-9. Adopted constitution, basis of North German Confederation 1867.

Frankish Kingdom, East. 843. Division of Carolingian Empire. ≈modern Germany.

Frankish Kingdom, West. 843. Division of Carolingian Empire. ≈modern France. Franks.

Franklin, Benjamin. 1706-90. US author, scientist, revolutionary leader. Poor Richard’s Almanac 1732-57. Franklin Stove 1744. Lightning rod 1752. Bifocals 1784.

Fredegund. c545-597. Murderous Q of Neustria. 40 yr. feud vs Brunhild.

Frederick I. (Barbarossa). c1123-90. HRE 1155-. Crusades. Opposed papal authority.

Frederick II. 1194-1250. Holy Roman Emperor. 1220-. King of Sicily 1198-. King of Jerusalem 1229-. Patron of arts, education.

Frederick III. 1609-70. King of Norway and Denmark, 1648-. Lost much of territory to Sweden.

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