Frederick IV. 1671-1730. King of Norway and Denmark, 1699-. Abolished serfdom. Educational system.

Frederick VI. 1769-1839. King of Norway and Denmark, 1808-. Sided with Napoleon. Lost Norway to Sweden.

Frederick VII. 1808-63. Danish king 1848-. Formed Constitutional Monarchy.

Frederick IX. 1899-1972. Danish king 1947-. Imprisoned by Nazis, 43-45.

Frederick the Fair. 1286-1330. Fought Louis IV unsuccessfully for German crown 1314-22.

Free French. French vs Germany after fall of France 1940. Opp. by Vichy government. DeGaulle.

Free-Soil Party. 1848-54. US anti-slavery party. Van Buren.

Free Will. Philosophies which allow that man can more or less determine his own destiny. Fatalism.

Freedmen’s Bureau. 1865-72. US agency to help freed slaves during Reconstruction.

Freemasons. Secret fraternal organization based on guilds, chivalry, religious orders. 1717 London Grand Lodge.

Frémont, John. 1813-90. US pioneer, Governor of CA, First senator 1856. First Republican Presidential candidate.

French Academy. Académie Française.

French Community. 1958-. France + Overseas departments + former territories.

French East India Company. 1664-1770. To protect French trade interests in India.

French Fury. 1583. Antwerp citizens kill 2,000 occupying French soldiers.

French-Indian Wars. 1754-63. North American part of Seven Years War. France loses all possessions in Canada to Britain.

French Polynesia. c3C Polynesians settle. 1521 Magellan discovers. 1595 Spanish discover Marquesas. 1767 British discover Tahiti. 1880/81 French colony. 1946 French Overseas Territory.

French Republican Calendar. 1793-1805. 12 30 day months of 3 “decades”. 5-6 holidays at end of year.

French Revolution. 1789-99. Monarchy overthrown. Republic established 1792. Caused by Absolutism, financial crisis, Enlightenment. Terror. Napoleon. French Revolutionary Wars.

French Revolutionary Wars. 1792-1802. France vs European powers who opposed Revolution. Napoleonic Wars. Coalition. Pillnitz.

French Union. 1946-58. France + Protectorates + overseas Territories. French Community.

French Wars. 1701-1815. Second Hundred Years War.

French West Africa. 1895-1958. Dahomey, Guinea, Mali, Ivory Coast, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Burkino Faso.

Fréron, Louis. 1754-1802. French Revolutionary. Conspired vs Robespierre.

Fresnel, Augustin. 1788-1827. French physicist, wave theory of light 1815. Fresnel lens 1820.

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