Commune. 1789-94. Paris council. Overode the National Assembly by controlling administration.

Commune, Paris. 1871. Revolutionary government formed when Thiers abandoned Paris to Prussians. Crushed 2 months later by McMahon. 20,000 killed.

Communism. Collective ownership of property and industry. Wealth shared according to need. Eventually, “dictatorship of proletariat”.

Communist Party. USSR. 1918. Name adopted by Bolsheviks for Social Democratic Workers’ Party. Parties started in Britain, USA, Austria, France, Italy, Spain, Germany soon after.

Comnenus. 1081-1185. Byzantine dynasty.

Compton, Arthur. 1892-1962. US physicist: C Effect, 1923.

Comte, Auguste. 1798-1857. French Positivist philosopher. Religion belongs to primitive society. Positivism 1830. Tejada Law.

Comunero. 1520-1. Spanish Republican rebellion. Crushed, but effected policy changes.

Comus. Greek god of mirth and joy.

Concentration Camps. 1862-65 USA. 1899-1902. British internment of Boers in South Africa. 1922-91. USSR. 1933-45 Nazi prisons for extermination and slave labour. Buchenwald. Auschwitz. Dachau. 1942-6 US Relocation Centers. 1942-46 Canada. 1950’s Kenya. 1973 Chile.

Conceptualism. Reality has no objective existence; it is a concept in the mind. Abelard.

Concord, Book of. 1580. Synthesis of creeds and catechisms of Lutheranism.

Concordat. Ecclesiastic treaty between church and state.

Concordat. 1801-1905. Regulation of French church instituted by Napoleon.

Condé, Louis I de Bourbon, Prince. 1530-60. Led Amboise Conspiracy.

Condorcet, Marquis de. 1743-94. French philosopher. Perfectibility of mankind.

Condottieri. 14-15C. Ineffective Italian mercenary leaders.

Confederacy. 1861-5. Rebel US government in American Civil War.

Congo Conference. 1884. Bismarck mediates. Congo comes under Belgian sovereignty.

Congress (I) Party. 1978-. Split from Congress Party under Indira Gandhi.

Congress Party. 1885-. Indian political party. In power 1947-77.

Congress Poland. 1815-64. Polish Kingdom created by Congress of Vienna. Ruled by Russian Czar.

Congress System. 1815-25. Diplomacy by regular meetings of Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia.

Congreve, William. 1670-1729. English playwright of manners. Way of the World 1700.

Conrad I. -918. First non-Carolingian king of Germany 911-.

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