Batavian Republic. 1795-1806. = Netherlands.

Bateau-Lavoir. 1900. Paris birthplace of cubism (Picasso, Braque) and modern poetry (Jacob, Apollinaire, Orlan). Desmoiselles d’Avignon.

Bates, W. 1825-92. English naturalist. Supported Darwin with mimicry evidence.

Bathsheba. Old Testament Hittite Wife of David, mother of Solomon.

Baudricourt, Robert. Brought Joan of Arc to Charles VII.

Beaumarchais, C de. 1732-99. French satirical writer vs nobility. Barber of Seville 1772, Marriage of Figaro 1784.

Beauvais, Vincent de. Vincent of Beauvais.

Becquerel, Henri. 1852-1908. French discoverer of Uranium radioactivity, 1896. Curie.

Begin, Menachem. 1913-91. Polish/Israeli. Prime Minister, 1977-83. Camp David Accords. Sadat.

Behaviourism. 1913. Actions are response to physical stimuli. Skinner. Watson. Pavlov.

Behistun Inscription. 520BC. Trilingual carving used by Grotefend to decipher cuneiform.

Beirut. 20C BC Phoenicia. 15BC Rome. 635 Moslem. 1110 Crusaders. 1187 Saladin. 1516 Ottoman. 1291 Mameluk. 1920 Capital of Lebanon. 1975-90 Lebanese Civil War.

Bekhtrev, Vladmir. 1857-1927. Extended Pavlov’s Conditioned Response theory. Objective Psychology, 1910.

Bellini, Vincenzo. 1801-35. Italian Romantic opera composer. Norma 1831.

Ben Gurion, David. 1886-1973. Polish/Israeli Labour pol. First Prime Minister of Israel, 1948~63. “Architect of Israel”.

Benefit of Clergy. 1170-1827. Literates and clergy exempt from trial by English civil court. 1489- Once only, branding. Jonson.

Benét, Stephen. 1898-1943. US poet, writer. Devil and Daniel Webster 1937. John Brown’s Body 1928.

Berbers. Caucasian North African peoples, mostly Moslem. Nomadic since 12C Arab invasions. Almohads. Almoravids. Barbary.

Bergson, Henri. 1859-1941. Philosopher. Creative Evolution 1907. The life force. Vitalism.

Beria, Laurenty. 1899-1953. Soviet commisar in charge of Stalin’s security police 1938-.

Bering, Vitus. 1681-1741. Danish explorer of Alaska for Russia 1728-.

Berlin, Irving. 1888-1989. Russian/US popular composer. White Christmas, Annie Get Your Gun 1946.

Berlin Congress. 1878. Bulgaria divided, independence for Romania, Serbia. Turkey gains Macedonia. Russia gains Armenia. Britain gains Cyprus. Revised San Stefano treaty.

Berlin Wall. 1961-89. Soviet troops erect. US guarantees West Berlin’s freedom.

Bernadette, St. Soubirous. 1844-79. French girl. Visions at Lourdes, 1858.

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