Festus, Sextus. 2C. Roman lexicographer. On the Meaning of Words.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Feuerbach, Ludwig. 1804-72. German philosopher. God is illusion. Immortality of man is only through works and offspring. Thoughts on Death 1830.

Fibonacci, Leonardo. 1170-1240. Pisa mathematician. Book of Abacus 1202. Fibonacci Numbers 1203. Practica Geometrica 1220.

Fichte, Johann. 1762-1814. German Nationalist Idealist philosopher. Influenced Totalitarianism. Addresses to the German Nation 1807-8.

Ficino, Marsilio. 1433-99. Italian philosopher. Translated Greek classics to Latin. Theologia Platonicum 1482.

Field of Cloth of Gold. 1520. Kings of France and England meet near Calais to propose alliances.

Fifth Column. 1936. Fascists within besieged Madrid who assisted Franco’s attackers. Term generally applied to subversives since.

Fifth Monarchy Men. 1645- English Puritan Millenialist anarchists. Venner led rebellions 1657,61.

Filioque. “and from the son” added to Nicene Creed in 6C, causing East-West Schism.

Fillmore, Millard. 1800-74. US President 1850-3. Delayed Civil War. Know Nothing Party 1856.

Finlay, Carlos. 1833-1915. Cuban. Discovered that Yellow Fever is transmitted by mosquitoes 1881. Reed.

Finnish War of Independence. 1918. Anti-communists defeat Bolsheviks with German aid.

Finsen, Niels. 1860-1904. Danish originator of ultraviolet therapy. Invented U-V bulb.

Fisher, Ronald. 1890-1962. British scientist. Mathematical statistics. Variance.

Fisher, St. John. 1469-1535. English Humanist scholar. Beheaded for refusing to acknowledge Henry VIII as head of church. More.

Fitzgerald, F. Scott. 1896-1940. US Jazz age writer. This Side of Paradise 1920. Great Gatsby 1925.

Fitzgerald, Gerald. c1538-83. Irish. Rebelled vs Q Elizabeth 1579-83.

Fitzgerald, Thomas. 1513-37. Irish. Led rebellion vs Henry VIII 1534-5.

Five Dynasties. 907-60. China between T’ang and Sung dynasties. Upheaval stimulated arts. Art to represent metaphysical truth.

Five Hundred, Council of. 508BC. Athens’ representative government.

Five Mile Act. 1665. English Nonconformist clergy banned 5 miles from towns where they had preached.

Flanders. Historical region of France, Belgium, Neth. 13C Cloth industry. Ghent. Bruges.

Flemings. Dutch speakers of north Belgium. Walloon.

Florence, Union of. 1439. Brief reconciliation of Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox Churches.

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