Florentine. School of Painting. 1270 Academy of Fine Arts. Express humanist ideas through art. Realism and chiarascuro. DaVinci, Michelangelo, Raphael.

Florey, Howard. 1898-1968. British. Isolated Penicillin with Chain,1928. Fleming.

Flowers, Revolution of. 1974. Junta overthrows Caetano in Portugal. 1976 election.

Fokker, Anthony. 1890-1939. Dutch/German/ US aircraft engineer for Germany, WWI. Remote control plane, 1919.

Folies-Bergère. 1869. Paris theater introduced striptease 1894.

Fontainebleau, Treaty. 1807. Established Napoleon’s right to march on Portugal through Spain.

Forster, E. M. 1879-1970. English humanist novelist. Room With a View 1908. Passage to India 1924.

Fortunatus. Hero with inexhaustible purse in 15C German lit.

Foucault, Léon. 1819-68. Proved rotation of the earth in an experiment at the Pantheon, Paris, 1851. Gyroscope, 1852.

Fouquet, Nicolas. 1615-80. Finance Minister to Louis XIV. Imprisoned for embezzlement after a 3 year trial at The Arsenal 1661-4.

Fouquier-Tinville, Antoine. 1746-1795. Public prosecutor of the Revolutionary Tribunal during Terror. Guillotined.

Four Freedoms. 1941. Goals of Allies set forth by Roosevelt. Freedom: of expression, worship; from want, fear.

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Biblical reference to war, famine, death, and Christ, to come at end of world.

Four Noble Truths. Basic Buddhist doctrine. Existence is suffering, suppressed by following the 8-fold path.

Fourier, Jean. 1768-1830. French mathematician/ physicist. Flow of heat 1822. Analysis of cyclical phenomena.

France. 6C BC Celt, Greek colonies. 51BC Rome. 3-5C Franks, Visigoths inv. 481 Merovingian emp. 751 Carolingian. 843 Split = W Frankish Kingdom. 987 Capetian. 1016 + Burgundy. 1378 Valois dyn. 1589 Bourbon dyn. 1792 Republic. 1799 Consulate. 1804 Empire. 1814 Monarchy rest. 1848 2nd Republic. 1852 2nd Empire. 1870 3rd Republic. 1940 German occupation. 1946 4th Republic. 1958 5th Republic.

France, Anatole. 1844-1924. French short story writer. The Red Lily 1894.

France, College of. Created by Francis I in 1530 as the 3 Language College: Latin, Hebrew, Greek.

Francesca, Piero della. 1406-92. Italian fresco painter. Story of the True Cross 1465.

Francis I. 1494-1547. French king 1515-. Vs Charles V. Prosecuted Protestants. Began exploration, colonization. Field of Cloth of Gold.

Francis I. 1708-65. Holy Roman Emperor, 1745-. Husband of Maria Theresa. Wars of Polish and Austrian Succession.

Francis of Assisi, St. 1182-1226. Founder of the Franciscan order.

Franco, Francisco. 1892-1975. Spanish general and ruthless Fascist dictator, 1939-. Spanish Civil War.

Frankfurt Assembly. 1848-9. Adopted constitution, basis of North German Confederation 1867.

Franklin, Benjamin. 1706-90. US author, scientist, revolutionary leader. Poor Richard’s Almanac 1732-57. Franklin Stove 1744. Lightning rod 1752. Bifocals 1784.

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