Speusippus. -339BC. Led Athens Academy after Plato. First Encyclopedia.

Spirit of St. Louis. 1927. Lindbergh’s plane for solo Atlantic flight.

Splendid Isolation. 1895-1902. Salisbury foreign policy. British naval strength required no ally.

SPQR Senatus Populusque Romanus. = The Senate and People of Rome.

Sprengel, Christian. 1750-1816. Plant fertilization.

Squanto. -1622. American Indian friend of Plymouth Pilgrims.

St-Denis Basilica. 1137-44. Romanesque-Gothic transformation point. Burial place of French kings. Suger.

St Médard Convulsionnaires. Believers in miraculous cures at St. Médard cemetery forbidden by Louis XV in 1732: “By Order of the King, Let God No Miracle Perform in this Place!”

Stalin, Joseph. 1879-1953. Soviet bloodthirsty revolutionary. Leader 1924-. 5 Year Plans modernized Russia. 1928 Collectivization. 1932- Dictator. 1936-8 Purge. Turned Marxism to Nationalism and Imperialism. World Socialist Revolution under USSR. 1952 abolished Politburo.

Standish, Myles. 1584-1656. English Mayflower colonist. Led Plymouth colony.

Stanhope, James. 1673-1721. English general. Negotiated Triple, Quadruple Alliances.

Stanley, Henry. 1841-1904. British/US explorer in Africa 1868-95. Found Livingstone 1871. Founded Congo Free State.

Stevenson, Adlai. 1900-65. US diplomat, United Nations founder.

Stopes, Marie. 1880-1958. British Family Planning pioneer. First London birth control clinic 1921.

Strasbourg Oath. 842. Charles II, Louis II oppose Lothair I. Earliest example of written French.

Stuart, Esme. 1542-83. Planned rescue of Mary Queen of Scots. Exiled.

Suffolk Resolves. 1774. American colonists pledge disobedience to Intolerable Acts. End trade with Britain.

Surprise Plot. 1603. To hold James I hostage for religious reform.

Swahili. Bantu people and language of Central Africa.

SWAPO. Southwest African People’s Organization for Namibian independence. 1960 Founded by Nujoma, Toiva vs South African hegemony. 1971 UN recognition.

Symplegades. Cyanean Rocks. Cliffs at entrance to Black Sea. Crushed ships until Jason and Argonauts slipped through.

Synge, John. 1871-1909. Irish poet, dramatist. Riders to the Sea 1904. Playboy of the Western World 1907.

Taft, William. 1857-1930. US president 1909-13. Dollar diplomacy. Chief Justice 1921-.

Taiwan. Indonesians. 1590 Portugal discovers = Formosa. 17C Dutch/Spanish settle. 1662 Chinese settle, expel Europeans. 1895 Japan. 1945 China. 1949 Independent as Republic of China. 1971 United Nations gives Taiwan’s seat to People’s Republic of China.

Tamils. Dravidian people settled northern Sri Lanka, southern India 200BC.

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