Diaz, Porfirio. 1830-1915. Mexican rebel, dictator 1877-1911. Apparent prosperity, but resources sold to foreigners.

Dickens, Charles. 1812-1870. English popular humanitarian writer and social critic. Created original, colorful memorable characters. Pickwick Papers 1837. Oliver Twist 1838. Christmas Carol 1843. David Copperfield 1850. Great Expectations 1861.

Dieppe. 1942. Unsuccessful Canadian-led experimental assault on French port. 44,000 dead.

Dinh Bo Linh. -979. Emperor, reunified Vietnam, gained independence from China.

Diocletian. 245-316. Roman Emperor of the East 284, West 285. Abdicated 305. Regained Britain, Persia. Persecuted Christians. Condemned alchemy 297.

Disraeli, Benjamin. 1804-81. English radical Imperialist Tory Prime Minister 1868,74-80. Suez Purchase. Novelist:Henrietta Temple 1837. Sybil. Coningsby. Lothair 1870.

Dittersdorf, Karl von. 1739-99. Viennese light opera composer. Singspiel.

Domino, Fats. 1928-. US rhythm and blues composer, performer. Sold 23M records 1949-60.

Domitian. 51-96. Roman Emperor 81-. Reign of terror.

Donizetti, Gaetano. 1797-1848. Italian Romantic opera composer. Lucretia Borgia 1833.

Dragoon, Operation. = Operation Anvil.

Draper, John. 1811-82. English/US chemist: first photographic portrait 1840. 1st photo of moon 1840.

Dreikaiserbund. League of 3 Emperors. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia. First 1873-78. 2nd 1881-7 (secret).

Duluth. 1636-1710. French explorer of Lake Superior area.

Dumas, Alexandre (Père). 1802-70. French writer. Three Musketeers 1844. Count of Monte Cristo.

Dylan, Bob (Robert Zimmerman). 1941-. US composer/performer. Founded Folk Rock.

Egmont, Graaf van. 1522-68. Flemish. Opposed Protestant persecution. Execution led to revolt vs Spain.

Egypt. 3100BC Menes unites. 2780 Old Kingdom. 2600 First pyramid. 2040 Middle Kingdom. 1570 New Kingdom. 663 Assyria. 525 Persia. 332 Alexander...323 Ptolemy. 30BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 642 Moslem. 1250 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1798 Napoleon. 1805 Ottoman. 1882 British occupy. 1914 British protectorate. 1922 Indepedent monarchy. 1952 Coup. 1953 Republic. 1958-61 UAR.

Elagabalus. 204-222. Eccentric Roman Emperor 218-.

Eleusinian Mysteries. Secret Greek ritual to honour Demeter and Persephone.

Elizabeth. 1837-98. Wife of Emperor Francis-Joseph. Assassinated by anarchist.

Elizabeth I. 1533-1603. Queen of England, 1558-. Stable, prosperous reign of literature and art. Restored Protestantism. Supported them abroad.

Empire of the West. 800-. State founded by Charlemagne, continued to 1806 as the Holy Roman Empire. Succeeded Roman Emperor of the West. Split Eastern kingdoms.

Empiricism. Philosophy maintaining that all valid human knowledge is gained from experience.

Entente Cordiale. 1904. Anglo-French agreement. Defined spheres of influence in Africa and Pacific allowing co-operation vs Germany.

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