Épinay, Louise d’. 1726-83. French Enlightenment patroness.

Epiphenomenalism. Mind exists only as a process within the physical system of matter. Cannot exist without it. Hobbes.

Epirus. 3-2C BC. Powerful Greek country under King Pyrrhus.

Episcopalianism. Church government by bishops.

Epoch of Civil War. 1863-80. Colombian liberals vs conservatives. Núñez forms coalition.

Epstein, Jacob. 1880-1959. US/British portrait sculptor.

Equatorial Guinea. 10-15C Bubi. 1469 Portugal. 1778 Spain 1827 British base. 1843 Spain. 1964 Self-government. 1968 Independent.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Erastus, Thomas. 1524-83. Swiss theologian. Advocated complete domination of state over church.

Eratosthenes. c276-194BC. Alexandrian mathematician, philosopher. Measured earth’s circumference, tilt of axis. World map 220BC.

Erebus. Area of Greek underworld. Personified as son of Chaos.

Erechtheum. 5C BC. Ionic temple on Athenian acropolis.

Erechtheus. King, raised by Athena. First temple on Athens Acropolis. Later deified.

Eretria. Greek city. Destroyed 490BC by Persia.

Erfurt Parliament. 1850. Austrian opposition causes withdrawal of Prussian plan for German Unification.

Erhard, Ludwig. 1897-1977. West German Economic Minister 1948-63. Chancellor 1963-6. Architect of economic recovery.

Ericsson, John. 1803-89. Swedish/US. Invented screw propeller, designed Monitor.

Erik IX. -1160. King 1150-, Patron Saint of Sweden. Killed trying to convert Finns.

Erik the Red. Norwegian explorer, discovered Greenland c985. Established First colony.

Eriksson, Leif. Leif Eriksson.

Erinyes. Greek goddesses of vengeance. =Furies.

Eritrea. 2-9C Aksumite (Ethiopian) Empire. 16C Ottoman. 17-19C Dispute. 1889 Italy. 1941 Britain. 1952 Autonomous within Ethiopian Empire. 1962 Ethiopian province. 1993 Independent.

Ernst, Max. 1891-1976. German Dada artist.

Errs. Greek goddess of discord. Threw the apple that led to the Trojan War.

Erse. Gaelic language of Scottish Highlands.

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