Peleus. Mythical Greek king of Myrmidons. Achilles’ father.

Pelletier, P. J. 1788-1842. Discovered chlorophyll, 1817, with Caventou.

Peloponnesian League. 6C-366BC. Led by Sparta. Leuctra Battle.

Peloponnesian War. 460-445BC. Athens vs Peloponnesian League.

Pendleton Civil Service Act. 1883. US creates merit based civil service system vs Spoils System.

Peninsular Campaign. 1862. Failed Union attempt to take Richmond in American Civil War.

Pentecost. 50th day after Easter. Descent of Holy Spirit on Jesus’ disciples marks beginning of Christian mission.

People’s Republic. Communist government by a people’s party. Democratic mandate from popular revolution. Often Totalitarian.

Pepin II. -714. Ruler of Franks 687-. United Merovingian kingdoms by defeating Neustria 687.

Pepin the Short. c714-68. First Carolingian king of France 751-. Charlemagne’s father. Donation of Pepin.

Percier, Charles. 1764-1838. French Empire architect. Cour Carrée with Fontaine.

Percival. Legendary 13C knight. Found Holy Grail.

Percy, Thomas. 1528-72. Failed attempt 1569 to rescue Mary Stuart, replace Elizabeth.

Pérez, Galdós. 1843-1920. Spanish writer of 46 historical novels. Episodios Nacionales.

Pérez Jimenez, Marcos. 1914- Ruthless Venezuelan president. 1952-8. Coup 1948. Convicted of corruption.

Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista. 1710-36. Italian opera buffa composer. La serva padrona 1733. “War of the Buffoons” Paris 1752.

Pericles. c495-429BC. Athenian leader 461-. Led to Athenian dominance of Greece. Parthenon. Height of democracy.

Perrault, Charles. 1628-1703. French poet. Mother Goose 1697.

Perseus. Slew Medusa with gods’ weapons. Married Andromeda.

Perseus. c212-166BC. Last Macedonian king 179-168BC. Defeated at Pydna by Rome.

Peru. Settled 8000BC. 15C Inca. 1532 Pizarro conquers for Spain. 1821 Independent.

Pérugini, Pietro le. 1445-1523. Italian painter. Taught Raphael. St. Peter and Keys 1482 (Sistine Chapel).

Peter, St. -64. Leader of Jesus’ disciples. First pope. Crucified upside-down by Nero.

Peter II. 1923-70. King of Yugoslavia 1934-45. Deposed in exile by Tito.

Peter the Hermit. 1050-1115. French. Led ill-equipped army in First Crusade.

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