Peterhouse. 1284. First Cambridge college.

Petersburg Campaign. 1864-5. Virginia. Final action of American Civil War leading to Confederate defeat.

Petition of Rights. 1628. Accepted by Charles I, limiting British monarch’s powers.

Pfitzner, Hans. 1869-1949. German Post-romantic opera composer. Palestrina 1917.

Phaedo. c417BC. Greek Socratic philosopher. Dialectics, ethics.

Phalangists. 1936-2000 Militant Maronites vs Moslems in Lebanese Civil War.

Pharaoh. Egyptian king’s title. =“great house”. Physical embodiment of god Ra.

Pharos. 280BC-13C. Alexandria lighthouse. 135m high. Seven Wonders.

Pharsalus, Battle. 48BC. Caesar defeats Pompey.

Phenomenology. Philosophy. Analysis of phenomena without preconceptions by conscious mind. Husserl.

Philby, Kim. 1912-88. British/Soviet double agent 1933-51. Escaped to USSR 1963. My Secret War 1968.

Philip. Metacom. -1676. Led Massasoit in King Philip’s War.

Philip I. The Handsome. 1478-1506. King of Castile 1504-. Established Spanish Hapsburg line by marrying daughter of Ferdinand II.

Philip II. 382-336BC. General: unified Macedonia. Alexander’s father.

Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.

Philip V. 1683-1746. First Bourbon king of Spain 1700-. Accession led to War of Spanish Succession, loss of Netherlands and Italian possessions. War of Polish Succession.

Philippi, Battle. 42BC. Antony and Octavian beat republicans Brutus and Cassius.

Philippine Insurrection. 1899-1902. Filipinos rebel vs US rule.

Philippine Sea, Battle. 1944. Major US victory over Japanese. Philippines reconquered. MacArthur.

Philistines. 12C BC- Peoples of Palestine defeated by Saul and David 10C BC. Samson.

Philo. c20BC-50. Alexandrian Jew. Reconciled Jewish faith with Greek reason.

Philoctetes. Mythical Greek warrior. Killed Paris at Troy.

Phocaea. Ionian city. Settled Anatolia 10C BC. Colonized Dardanelles, Mediterranean, Black Sea.

Phoenix Park Murders. 1882. British Secretary and Undersecretary of Ireland killed by terrorists.

Photius. c820-91. Patriarch of Constantinople 858~86. Began Great Schism controversy.

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