Mandarin. Chinese official. Chinese dialect.

Mandate, League of Nations. Territory controlled by outside power. E.g. ex-German colonies, non-Turkish ex-Ottoman lands. 1946- UN Trusteeship.

Mandela, Nelson. 1918-. South African anti-Apartheid ANC leader. Jailed 1962-90. President 94-99.

Mandeville, John. 14C. English author. Travels of John Mandeville, Knight 1356.

Manila Bay, Battle. 1898. US defeats Spain, wins Philippines.

Manin, Daniele. 1804-57. Risorgimento leader. Venetian Republic president 1848-9.

Mannerheim, Carl. 1867-1951. Finnish president. 1944-6. Led fight vs Bolsheviks 1918-21, army 1939-44.

Mannerism. 16C Exaggerated colorful painting style emphasizing craft, decorum. Palissy. Dürer. Cellini. Bruegel.

Mansart, Francois. 1598-1666. French architect. Val-de-Grâce 1645. Classical elements in Baroque style. Subtle elegance, harmony. Mansard roof.

Mansart, Jules Hardouin-. 1646-1708. French architect, city planner. Dome Church 1677. Grand Trianon 1687. Place de Vendôme.

Mantua, Siege. 1796-7. Napoleon defeats Austria to rule Italy.

Manx. Celtic language of Isle of Man.

Manzikert, Battle. 1071. Seljuks defeat Byzantines, gain Anatolia.

Manzoni, Alessandro. 1785-1873. Italian Romatic writer. The Betrothed 1825-7.

Mao Tse-tung. 1893-1976. Chinese Communist leader 1935-. Long March. Cultural Revolution.

Maori. Polynesian people of New Zealand. Migrated before 800 AD (1150 by their legend).

Maori Wars. 1843-7. 1863-4. 1869-70. NZ settlers displace native Maori.

Mar, John, Earl of. 1675-1732. Led unsuccessful Jacobite Rebellion, 1715.

Marathon, Battle. 490BC. Athenians defeat Persian invaders.

Marcel, Étienne. 1316-58. French draper who led unsuccessful Paris revolt vs Dauphin Charles V, 1355-8, while John II captured by English. Assassinated.

March on Washington. 1963. 200,000 in civil rights march led by King-“I have a dream”.

March Revolution. 1848 Germany. Led to Louis I abdication in favour of Maximilian II in Bavaria, Metternich resignation.

Marchfeld, Battle. 1278. Rudolf I defeats Bohemians.

Marcus Aurelius. 121-180. Roman Emperor 161-. Stoic philosopher. Meditations. Repelled invasions. Persecuted Christians.

Marengo, Battle. 1800. Napoleon defeats Austria, gains Lombardy.

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