James II. 1430-60. King of Scotland 1437-. Attacked England 1460.

James III. 1452-88. King of Scotland 1460-. Killed by rebels at Sauchieburn.

James IV. 1473-1513. King of Scotland 1488-. Allied with France vs England. Killed at Flodden.

James V. 1512-42. Catholic king of Scotland, 1513-. Allied with France vs Henry VIII.

Jellicoe, John. 1859-1935. British WWI Admiral. Jutland.

Jenkins’ Ear, War. 1739-43. England vs Spain over restrictions of trade with Spanish colonies...War of Austrian Succession. Spanish cut ear, 1731.

Jesuit Estates Act. 1888. Quebec awards restitution to Jesuits for British land appropriation 1773.

John. Lackland. 1167-1216. King of England 1199-. Lost Normandy. Forced to sign Magna Carta 1215. Excommunicated 1209. Lost Anjou.

John III. 1629-96. King of Poland 1674-. “Champion of Christendom” saved Vienna from Turks 1683.

John Paul II. 1920-. Poland. Authoritarian conservative pope 1978-. Wounded 1981 by Islamic fanatic. Most trips. More canonization than previous popes combined.

Joseph of Arimathea, St. Buried Jesus in his own tomb. By legend, brought Holy Grail to England.

Juliana. 1909-. Queen of Netherlands 1948-80.

July Revolution. 1830. France. Thiers. Charles X abdicates and flees to England. Louis-Philippe ascends. Caused by July Ordinances.

Junkers. Prussian landowner class. Dominated admin., military.

Jutes. Germanic tribe who invaded England 5C. Established Canterbury.

Jutland, Battle. 1916. Jellicoe’s indecisive attempt to trap German fleet.

Kaliningrad. 1946- On site of Königsberg, destroyed 1945. Russian enclave surrounded by Poland, Lithuania.

Kamehameha I. c1758-1819. Hawaiian king 1810-. United islands.

Kampuchea. (Cambodia). 3C Funan. 5C Khmer. 15C Siam/Annam. 1863 France 1953 Independent. 1975 Khmer Rouge. 1979 =Kampuchea People’s Republic.

Karelia. 1710 Russian. 1917 Finland. 1923 Autonomous Karelian SSR. 1940 USSR. 1946 Russian SSR.

Kedah. Independent. 1791 British East Indian Co. 1821 Siam. 1909 Britain. 1941 Japanese. 1946 Malaya.

Kent. 449-860. Kingdom in SE England absorbed by Wessex.

Kielland, Alexander. 1849-1906. Norwegian author. Workers 1881.

King Philip’s War. 1675-6. Bloody conflict of New England colonists vs Indians under Philip.

Klopstock. 1724-1803. German Movement poet. -“love of the Fatherland”. Odes.

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