Knox, John. 1514-72. Scottish reformer, founder of austere Presbyterian Church of Scotland 1561.

Kosciusko, Tadeusz. 1746-1817. Polish. Led Rebellion 1794-7 vs occupiers. 3rd Partition of Poland. American Revolution war officer.

Kuril Island. Japanese to 1945. Given to USSR by Yalta Agreement.

Labour Party. 1888 Scotland. 1890 NZ. 1891 Australia. 1900 Britain. 1930 Israel. Founded by unions, Fabians for democratic change towards socialism. First UK MPs elected 1906. First UK Labour government 1924.

Ladislaus II. 1350-1434. King of Poland, 1386-. Victories made Poland a power. Merged with Lithuania. Tannenberg.

Lagos, Battle. 1759. British navy stops French invasion of England.

Lancaster. 1399~1471. Dynasty ruling England. Henry IV to VI. War of Roses.

Land, Edwin. 1909-91. US inventor of Polaroid filter 1932, camera 1947, range-finder, anti-aircraft sights during WWII.

Land Decree. 1917. Confiscation of private property in Russia.

Land League. 1879. Irish association to reduce rents. Agitated for Home Rule. Parnell.

Landowski, Paul. 1875-1961. Sculptor: St. Genevieve on Tournelle Bridge, Paris, 1928; la Réformation, Geneva, 1912-18.

Landsgemeinde. Swiss canton meeting. Direct democracy.

Landsteiner, Karl. 1868-1943. Austrian/US. Discovered ABO blood types 1901, Rh factor 1940.

Langland, William. 1330-1400. English Christian allegorical poet. Piers Ploughman 1362.

Laos. 14C Buddhist Lan Xang. 18C Vientiane(C)/ Luang Prabang(N)/ Champassak(S). 19C Siam. 1893 French protectorate. 1942 Japanese occupy. 1946 French. 1953 Independent...civil wars. 1975 Lao People’s Democratic Republic. 1991 New Constitution and freedoms.

Lasso, Orlando di. c1530-94. Flemish polyphonic Renaissance composer. Motets 1556.

Lassus, Roland de. 1531-94. Composer of masses, madrigals in Franco-Belgian style.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Lauderdale, John. 1616-82. Scottish statesman. Cabal Ministry. Repressive rule of Scotland.

Laxness, Halldór. 1902-98. Icelandic writer. Weaver of Cashmere 1927. Independent People 1935.

Leif Eriksson. Norwegian discoverer of Vinland, 1000.

Leipzig, Battle. 1813. Napoleon loses Germany and Poland. 500,000 troops involved.

Le Nôtre, André. 1613-1700. French landscapist. Tuileries 1637. Fontainebleau. Versailles 1663.

Lesotho. Basutoland. c1800 Basotho kingdom. 1868 British. 1871 Cape Colony. 1884 British colony. 1966 Independent kingdom of Lesotho.

Lewis, Merriwether. 1774-1809. US explorer with Clark overland to Pacific NW, 1804-6.

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