Aventine Secession. 1924. 150 Italian government members protest Fascist government. Matteotti.

Averescu, Alexandru. 1859-1938. Romanian General and Prime Minister. Suppressed 1907 peasant revolt.

Avicenna, Ali ibn-Sina. 980-1037. Arab physician, philosopher: Canon of Medicine.

Avignon Papacy. 1309-77. Popes from Clement V based in Avignon, France. Great Schism.

Avignon School. 14-15C. Style of painting influenced by Sienese and Flemish painters during papal residence.

Avila Camacho, Manuel. 1897-1955. Mexican President 1940-46. Befriended US, rallied Latin America vs Axis.

Avogadro, Amadeo. 1776-1856. PV=nRT. Number of molecules in a given quantity of gas 1811.

Awami League. 1954-71. For Bangladesh independence. Rahman.

Axis Pact. 1936-45. German-Italian Agreement, 1936. Cooperative alliance maintained through WWII. Allied with Spain, 1939; Japan, 1936. Yugoslavia 1941. Tripartite Pact.

Ayyubids. Sunni Caliphate dynasty in Egypt 1169-1250. Also in Yemen, Syria.

Azaña, Manuel. 1880-1940. Spanish Republican Prime Minister 31-33, President 36-9.

Azerbaijan. 1828 Persia/Russia. 1918 Independent. 1922 USSR. 1936 Azerbaijan SSR. 1991 Independent. 1992-4 Karabakh War. CIS.

Baader-Meinhof Gang. (Red Army Faction). 1968-92. West German terrorists supported by Stasi.

Baal. 20-8C BC. Canaanite fertility god. King of gods. Condemned by Hebrews. =Zeus.

Ba’al Shem-Tov. 1700-60. Polish founder of Hasidism. Holiness of ordinary existence.

Babbage, Charles. 1792-1871. British. Invented Difference Engine, 1823-34 -first computer. Founded British Association for the Advancement of Science 1831, Royal Astronomical Society 1820, Royal Statistical Society 1834.

Baber. 1483-1530. First Mogul Emperor of India.

Babington, Anthony. 1561-86. English conspirator to murder Elizabeth I for Mary Queen of Scots. Beheaded.

Babylon, Hanging Gardens. 6C BC. One of Seven Wonders of the World.

Bacchus. Roman god of Wine. = Dionysus.

Bach, C.P.E. 1714-88. 3d son of JS. Developed sonata and symphonic forms. Influential Essay on Keyboard 1774.

Bacon, Francis. 1561-1626. English chancellor and philosopher. First king’s counsel. Favoured inductive over deductive reasoning. Separated Science from religion. New Atlantis 1625. B. Scientific method: Novum Organum 1620. Essays 1625.

Bacon, Henry. 1866-1924. US classical revival architect. Lincoln Memorial 1911.

Bacon, Roger. 1214-94. English Franciscan monk. Advocated scientific experiment, observation. Alchemist. Formulated gunpowder. Magnifying glass 1250. Opus Majus 1266.Telescope.

Bacon’s Rebellion. 1676. Virginia colonists under N.Bacon defeat Indians, take Jamestown.

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