Badakhshan. 255BC-1584. Kingdom in Bactria claiming direct descendance from Alexander the Great.

Badoglio, Pietro. 1871-1956. Italian. Conquered Ethiopia 1936. Arranged 1943 armistice. Prime Minister 1943-44.

Baekeland, Leo. 1863-1944. US: invented Bakelite 1909 (first plastic). Velox.

Baffin, William. 1584-1622. British explorer of Baffin Strait 1616.

Baha’ism. 1863-. Founded by Baha (1817-92), disciple of Bab. Religion advocating world peace, through unification of mankind.

Bahamas. Arawak. 1492 Columbus. 1646 English colonize. 1782-3 Spain. 1973 Independent.

Bahrain. 1521 Portugal. 1602 Persia. 1783 Khalifa dynasty. 1861 British protectorate. 1971 Independent.

Baïf, Jean Antoine de. 1532-89. French Pléiade poet. New metrical forms. Founded Academy of Music and Poetry 1571, in Paris.

Bailey, Donald. 1901-85. British inventor of portable Bailey bridge 1941.

Bailey, Old. London Law Courts. Building 1907.

Bailly, Jean. 1736-93. French astronomer. Paris mayor, 1789-91. Led Tennis Court Oath. Guillotined.

Bain, Alexander. 1818-1903. Scottish pragmatist philosopher, psychologist. Logic 1870.

Baird, John. 1888-1946. Scot. Invented television 1926.

Baker, Benjamin. 1840-1907. English engineer: London Underground 1869. Forth Bridge 1882. Aswan Dam.

Baker, Herbert. 1862-1946. English architect: Pretoria government buildings; New Delhi.

Bakunin, Mikhail. 1814-76. Russian anarchist revolutionary. International movement. Advocated assassination. Dieu et l’état 1871.

Bakunists. Anarchist faction of Internationals.

Balakirev, Mili. 1837-1910. Russian composer. Influenced 19C Russian music. Overture on Russian Themes 1897.

Balaklava, Battle. 1854. Crimean War. Indecisive British victory at high cost. Charge of Light Brigade.

Balder. Scandinavian god of peace, felled by Hoder’s mistletoe arrow.

Baldwin, James. 1924-87. US writer of black experience. Another Country 1962. Go Tell it on the Mountain 1953.

Baldwin, Stanley. 1867-1947. British Conservative Prime Minister. 1923~37. General Strike. Opposed rearmament. “Safety First”.

Balearic Is. 654BC Phoenicia. 123BC Rome. 426 Vandal. 798 Moor. 1229 Independent Christian. 1349 Aragon. 1713 Brit (Minorca). 1802 Spain.

Balewa, Abubakar. 1912-66. First Nigerian Prime Minister 1957-. Assassinated by Ibos.

Balfour, Arthur. 1848-1930. British Prime Minister 1902-5. Opposed Irish Home Rule. Balfour Declaration.

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