Garvey, Marcus. 1887-1940. Jamaican/US black nationalist. Back to Africa Movement.

Gaskell, Elizabeth. 1810-65. Social novelist. Mary Barton 1848.

Gates, Horatio. c1728-1806. American Revolution general at Saratoga. Conway Cabal.

Gaudi, Antonio. 1852-1926. Barcelona architect: Sagrada Familia 1883-; Casa Mila 1905-7.

Gaugemela, Battle. 331BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persia.

Gaveston, Piers. c1284-1312. English regent during absence of Edward II. Executed by barons.

Gemayel, Amin. Lebanese President 1982-88 after brother, Bashir, president-elect, was assassinated.

Geneva Protocol. 1924. League of Nations. Prohibits chemical and bacteriological warfare.

Genoa. Ligurian. 3C BC Rome...Byzantine. 641 Lombard. 12C Republic. 13C Empire. 14-15C Decline. 1797 France 1814 «Sardinia. 1861 Italy.

German-Soviet Pact. 1939-41. Nonaggression agreement. Divided Poland, Baltic between USSR/Germany. Left Hitler free to invade Poland, starting WWII.

Gettysburg, Battle. 1863. Union victory. Turning point in Civil War.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo. c1378-1455. Florentine naturalistic sculptor and architect. John the Baptist 1414. Florence Baptistery doors 1425-50.

Gibran, Khalil. 1883-1931. Lebanese/US philosopher, writer. The Prophet 1923.

Gilgamesh. Legendary Babylonian king. Epic 2000BC includes Great Flood.

Gillespie, Dizzy. 1917-93. US jazz, big band performer/leader. Founder of Bebop.

Giotto. c1266-1337. Florentine fresco painter. First to abandon Byzantine style. Arena Chapel frescoes 1305. Madonna and Child c1314.

Girardon, François. 1628-1715. French Baroque sculptor. Tomb of Richelieu 1675-7.

Gladiators. 264BC-5C. Roman armed combatants for entertainment.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Glasnost. Openness. Gorbachev’s policy to promote freedom of expression, reduce secrecy.

Gobelins Tapestry Works. 1440. Established by Jehan Gobelin. Colbert reorganized 1662. Louis XIV sumptuous style. Le Brun. Versailles interiors.

Godoy, Manuel de. 1767-1851. Spanish Prime Minister 1792~1808. Battle of Trafalgar and Fontainebleau Treaty.

Golden Spurs, Battle. 1302. Courtrai, Belgium. Flemish craftsmen defeat French troops.

Goodman, Benny. 1909-86. US clarinetist/ bandleader. “King of Swing”.

Gorbachev, Mikhail. 1931-. Leader of USSR 1985-91. Major reforms. Glasnost. Perestroika.

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