St Albans. 1455. First battle of War of Roses. Henry VI captured by Yorks.

St Albans Raid. 1864. Confederates attack Vermont from Canada.

St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. 1572. Catherine de Medici has 2000 Huguenots killed by Charles IX.

St-Denis Basilica. 1137-44. Romanesque-Gothic transformation point. Burial place of French kings. Suger.

St-Germain-L’Auxerrois. 13-15C. Church by Louvre gave signal for Massacre of St-Bartholomew.

St Peter’s. 1506-1615. Vatican Basilica. World’s largest. Tomb of St Peter. Bramante. Michelangelo. Raphael. Model for many government buildings.

St-Quentin, Battle. 1557. Philip II of Spain beseiges + seizes French town.

Stalingrad, Battle. 1942-3. Russian victory over Germans. Turning point of WWII.

Stefan Dushan. 1308-55. Serbian king/Emperor 1331-. Conquered Albania, Bulgaria, Macedonia. Law Code 1349-54.

Stephen Báthory. 1533-86. Polish king 1575-. Won Livonia from Russia.

Steptoe, Patrick. 1913-88. British doctor. First test-tube baby 1978.

Steuben, Baron von. 1730-94. Prussian general. Trained, organized American Revolution army 1778-.

Stockholm Bloodbath. 1520. Danish Christian II kills 80 nobles. Swedish fight for independence.

Stokes, G. Gabriel, Baronet. 1819-1903. Irish discoverer of ultraviolet flourescence. Law of Viscosity.

Straits Convention. 1841-1923. Banned warships from Dardanelles in peacetime.

Strasbourg Oath. 842. Charles II, Louis II oppose Lothair I. Earliest example of written French.

Strathcona and Mount Royal, First Baron. 1820-1914. Canadian statesman key to Canadian Pacific Railway; drove last spike.

Styria. Celtic. 15BC Rome. 5C Germanic. 6C Slav. 8C Frankish. 9C German. 1056 Steyr. 1180 Duchy. 1192 Babenberg. 1276 Hapsburg. 1918 Austria. 1919 S: Yugoslavia.

Suckling, John. 1609-42. English poet, lyricist. Invented cribbage.

Suleiman I. The Magnificent. 1494-1566. Ottoman sultan 1520-. Expanded Empire to Yugoslavia, Hungary, Greece. Besieged Vienna. Cultural expansion. Barbarossa II.

Suttee. Sati. -1829. Indian widow’s suicide on husband’s pyre.

Suttner, Baroness von. 1843-1914. Austrian pacifist writer. Lay Down your Arms 1889.

Swahili. Bantu people and language of Central Africa.

Swaziland.16C Bantu...19C Swazi. 1881 Independence guaranteed. 1894 South African protectorate. 1902 British protectorate. 1968 Independent kingdom.

Sybaris. 720-510BC. Wealthy decadent Greek city in Italy. Rebuilt twice.

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