Syracuse, Battle. 480BC Carthage repelled. 415-413BC Critical Athenian defeat in Peloponnesian War. 396, 392 Carthage defeated. 382-75 Defeated by Carthage. 214-211 BC Rome conquers, sacks city.

Syria. c10000BC Natufians. c2300BC Akkadian. c1900 Amorite. 16C Egypt. 14C Hittite. 8C Assyria. 7C Babylon. 538 Achaemenid. 332 Alexander...301 Seleucid. 64BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 634 Moslem. 877 Egypt. 11C Seljuk 1098 Latin Empire(part). 12C Ayyubid. 1249 Mameluk. 1516 Ottoman. 1920 French League of Nations mandate. 1943 Independent. 1958 +Egypt = United Arab Republic. 1961 -Egypt=Syria. Damascus.

Tabari, At. 839-923. Arab. Wrote world history to 915. Annals of Apostles and Kings.

Taliban. 1994. Militia created to unite Afghanistan under Sharia, strict Islamic law. Wahabi.

Talion. Law.Early Babylonia -18C. “Eye for an eye”.

Talmud. 5C Palestinian, 6C Babylonian. Compilations of rabbis’ opinions and decisions. Mishna. Gemara.

Tamerlane. 1336-1405. Barbaric Mongol Moslem conquerer. First of Timurid line. Routed Golden Horde. Conquered Ottomans 1402. Mehmed I.

Tammuz. Babylonian god of nature and agriculture.

Tanganyika. Bantu. 18C Masai. 18-19C Slave source. 1871 Stanley, Livingstone. German East Africa. 1919 British mandate = Tanganyika. 1946 United Nations Trust. 1961 Independent. 1962 Republic. 1964 +Zanzibar=Tanzania. Nyerere.

Tannenberg, Battle. 1410. Victory of Poles and Lithuanians ends Teutonic Knights’ expansion. 1914. Germans rout 2 Russian armies, crippling them for rest of WWI.

Tanzania. 1964 Tanganyika + Zanzibar.

Taraori, Battles. 1191-2. Moslems conquer northern India.

Tchaikovsky, Peter. 1840-93. Russian composer of operas and ballets with emotional appeal. Swan Lake 1877. Sleeping Beauty 1890. Nutcracker 1892.

Tegh Bahadur. 1621-75. 2nd Sikh martyr.

Telemann, Georg. 1681-1767. German Baroque composer of vitality, wit and color.

Temesvar, Battle. 1849. Hungarian Republic re-absorbed by Austria.

Templars. 1119-1312. Founded by Baldwin II and 9 knights in the Holy Land to protect pilgrims. Created International banking system, 9,000 commanderies, and owned 1/4 of Paris when dissolved by Philip IV, 1307; and Edward II, 1308. Council of Vienne.

Ten Commandments. Decalogue. Laws God gave Moses on stone tablets. Fundamental to Judaism/Christianity/Islam. No other gods, idols, swearing. Remember the sabbath. Honor parents. Do not kill, commit adultery, steal, bear false witness, covet.

Ten Years’ War. 1868-78. Failed Cuban rebellion vs Spain. Virginius Affair.

Tennyson, Alfred, Lord. 1809-92. English poet laureate. Charge of the Light Brigade 1855. Enoch Arden 1864. Crossing the Bar.

Terrorism. Zealots. Cagoulards. Baader-Meinhof. Irish Republican Army. Hamas. PLO. Osama. Taliban. al-Qaeda.

Teschen Dispute. 1919. Poland, Czechoslovakia battle over industrial, coal-mining territory.

Teschen Treaty. 1779. Austria, Prussia end War of Bavarian Succession.

Test Act. 1673-1828. Banned Catholics and Non-conformists from English public office. 1567-1889 Scotland.

Test Ban Treaty. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

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