Galilee. N Israel. (Ancient N Palestine). Jesus’ homeland. Absorbed in Arab-Israeli War, 1949.

Galileo Galilei. 1564-1642. Italian physicist. Planetary motion. Thermometer 1592. Acceleration of falling bodies 1604. Astronomical telescope 1609. Sunspots 1610. Arrested for heliocentricity, 1632. Rehabilitated by Vatican 1992. Copernicus.

Galland, Antoine. 1646-1715. French translator of Arabian Nights, introduced the story to Europe 1704.

Gamaliel. -c50. Jewish rabbi. Taught St. Paul.

Gang of Four. Chinese leaders, including Mao’s widow, convicted 1980 of Cultural Revolution abuses.

Gargantua. Hungry giant of Rabelais tale.

Gaskell, Elizabeth. 1810-65. Social novelist. Mary Barton 1848.

Gaspee. British boat burned 1772 by American rebels. Response, Intolerable Acts.

Gates, Horatio. c1728-1806. American Revolution general at Saratoga. Conway Cabal.

Gaugemela, Battle. 331BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persia.

Gauguin, Paul. 1848-1903. French Post-Impressionist painter typified by abstracted figures and flat planes of color. Tahitian Landscape. Day of the God 1894.

Gaveston, Piers. c1284-1312. English regent during absence of Edward II. Executed by barons.

Gellert, Christian. 1715-69. German Enlightenment poet, writer. Fables + Tales 1746-48.

Gempei War. 1180-5. Japanese civil war. Established Kamakura shogunate.

Genet, Jean. 1910-86. French dramatist. Theatre of the Absurd. The Blacks 1958.

Geneva Convention. 1864. Established humane treatment of war wounded. Sanctioned Red Cross. 1949. Agreements concerning wounded, prisoners, and civilians in war.

George I. 1660-1727. King of Great Britain and Ireland 1714-. First Hanover. Utrecht Peace. South Sea Bubble.

George III. 1738-1820. King of Great Britain and Ireland 1760-. Supported King’s Friends. Political instability. American Revolution. Insane 1810-.

Gettysburg. 1863. Lincoln’s address given to dedicate Civil War cemetery. “Four score and seven years ago...Government of the people, by the people, for the people”.

Gilded Age. Post American Civil War period of materialism, questionable ethics. Named by Mark Twain.

Gilgamesh. Legendary Babylonian king. Epic 2000BC includes Great Flood.

Giotto. c1266-1337. Florentine fresco painter. First to abandon Byzantine style. Arena Chapel frescoes 1305. Madonna and Child c1314.

Gobelins Tapestry Works. 1440. Established by Jehan Gobelin. Colbert reorganized 1662. Louis XIV sumptuous style. Le Brun. Versailles interiors.

Gothic Architecture. 12-15C. Began with French cathedrals and spread over N Europe. Pointed arches, rib vaulting, flying buttresses. Stability achieved with balance rather than mass. Airy lightness. St. Denis 1140. Notre Dame Cathedral. Tudor.

Goya, Francisco. 1746-1828. Spanish painter and engraver of macabre. Horrors of War 1811.

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