Cavalier Parliament. 1661-79. Royalist. Repressive laws against Puritans and Catholics.

Cavalier Party. 1660-88. Royalists. Became Tory.

Cavalier Poets. 17C Royalists. Lovelace. Herrick.

Cavaliere, Emilio del. c1550-1602. Added arias and choral movements to cantatas. Early dramatic music.

Cavaliers. Royalist partisans in English Civil War.

Cavell, Edith. 1865-1915. British nurse in Brussels. Executed by Germans for helping POWs escape.

Cavendish, Henry. 1731-1810. English chemist, physicist. Disc. hydrogen, 1766. Synthesis of water.

Caventou, J.B. 1795-1877. Discovered chlorophyll, 1817, with Pelletier.

Cavour, Count. 1810-61. Founding editor Il Risorgimento, 1847-. First Prime Minister of united Italy 1852-. Plombieres.

Caxton, William. c1422-91. Printed first English book 1473/4. First printer in England, 1476. Published Chaucer, Aesop. First woodcuts appear in Game and Playe of Chesse 1476. First poster 1477.

Cayley, George. 1773-1857. Flying machine 1796. First manned glider flight 1853.

CCF. 1932. Cooperative Commonwealth Federation. Canadian Socialist party. 1961 =New Democratic Party.

Ceausescu, Nicolae. 1918-89. Repressive Romanian dictator, 1965-. Advocated independence from USSR and western ties. Economic policy led to food, energy shortages. Overthrown and executed.

Cecrops. Mythological first king of Athens. Snake-man.

Celestine V, St. 1209-96. Founded Celestines 1264. 1294 First Pope to abdicate. Imprisoned by Boniface VIII.

Céline, Louis-Ferdinand. 1894-1961. French writer: Voyage au bout de la nuit 1932.

Cellini, Benvenuto. 1500-71. Florentine Mannerist sculptor, goldsmith. Saltcellar of Francis I 1543. Autobiography 1561.

Celsius, Anders. 1701-44. Swedish physicist: centigrade temperature scale 1742.

Celts. Central European peoples who settled Spain, Gaul, Asia Minor 3000BC, and invaded Great Britain c3C BC. Plundered Rome 390BC. Thrived in Britain. after Romans. Invaded Greece 279-276BC. Forced to Wales by Invasions 5C. = Roman “Gauls”.

Centaurs. Mythical beasts, half man, half horse.

CENTO. 1955-79. Central Treaty Organization. Based on Baghdad Pact 1955. Turkey, Iran, U.K., Palestine defence.

Central African Republic. 1891 French colony 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1958 Self-government. 1960 Independent. 1976-79 Central African Empire.

Central Committee. Governing body of USSR Communist Party.

Central Powers. 1882-1918. = Triple Alliance. Germany and its allies during WWI.

Centre Party. 1871-1933. German Roman Catholic political party.

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