Bucket Shop. Brokerage house that attempted to profit by delaying placing orders. Now illegal.

Buckingham Palace. 1703. Rebuilt by Nash 1825. London residence of British sovereigns since 1837.

Buckle, Henry. 1821-62. English scientific historian.

Buddhism. c528BC. Widely practised in Asia. Nirvana is achieved by following the 8-fold path and 4 Noble Truths. 1C BC Mahayana Sutras. 6C reaches Japan. 12C Zen Buddhism widely practiced in Japan.

Buffalo Bill. (William Cody). 1846-1917. US western adventurer, showman.

Buffon, Georges. 1707-88. Naturalist, founded Botanical Gardens, Paris. 36 vol Natural History 1753.

Bukhari, al. 810-870. Arab scholar. Collected sayings of Mohammed.

Bukharin, Nikolay. 1888-1938. Russian Bolshevik. Shot in Stalin’s Purge. Rehabilitated 1988.

Bulgaria. Balkans. 7C Bulgar Empire. 1018 Byzantine. 1185 2nd Bulgar Empire. 1396 Ottoman. 1878. Independent kingdom. 1946 People’s Republic. 1991Republic.

Bull, John. 1562-1628. English early keyboard composer. Often credited with God Save the Queen.

Bull, John. Personification of England popularized by Arbuthnot 1712.

Bull Moose. 1912-16. Liberal Republicans for Roosevelt in first US Progressive Party.

Bulwer-Lytton. 1803-73. English novelist. Last Days of Pompeii, 1834. -“It was a dark and stormy night”.

Bunker Hill, Battle. 1775. Early American victory in Revolution. Putnam.

Bunsen, Robert. 1811-99. German chemist, perfected bunsen burner. Discovered Caesium, Rubidium 1860. Spectroscopy 1859. Kirchhoff.

Bunyan, John. 1628-88. English Puritan author: Pilgrim’s Progress 1678.

Bunyan, Paul. Legendary US giant lumberjack with blue ox Babe.

Burckhardt, Jacob. 1818-97. Swiss cultural historian. Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy 1860.

Burgess, Anthony. 1917-95. English Social novelist. Clockwork Orange 1962. Wanting Seed 1962.

Burgundian. c1075-1125. Style of Romanesque architecture. Tall proportional.

Burgundian. Dominant European musical school in 15C. Dufay.

Burgundians. French political faction. Fought Armagnacs during 100 Years War. Allied with England, 1420. Treaty of Arras 1435 with Charles VII.

Burgundy. 5C BC Rome. 5C Burgundians settle. 534 Merovingian. 843 divided; W=duchy. 1016 France 1364 Independent duchy. 1477 France(W)/Hapsburg(E).

Burkina Faso. (Upper Volta). 11C Bobo. 14C Mossi(E)/Gourma(C)...Kingdoms of Yatanga, Ouagadouga. 1895(E)/97(C) French protectorate. 1904 French Sudan. 1919 French colony. 1932-47 Divided Ivory Coast/Niger/French Sudan. 1948 French Territory. 1960 Independent. 1984 =Burkina Faso.

Burlingame, Treaty. 1868. US/Chinese friendship. Authorized Chinese immigration to US.

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