Union. The North. States which did not secede during the American Civil War. Confederacy.

Union Act. 1707. England and Scotland united as Great Britain. One parliament; separate law and religion. 1801-1921. Ireland and Great Britain united as United Kingdom. Proposed by Irish Parliament 1799. Ireland Act. Anglo-Irish Treaty.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

Unitarianism. 1546. Christian doctrine of Socinus denying Trinity. God is one indivisible force. Biddle.

United Arab Republic. 1958 Egypt+Syria. 1961 -Syria. 1971 =Egypt.

United Empire Loyalists. 18C. Colonists who supported Britain during American Revolution, went to Canada.

United Irishmen. 1791. Underground organization founded by Wolfe Tone. Irish Rebellion 1797-98.

United Nations. UN. 1945. Charter signed by 50 nations at San Francisco. To safeguard world peace and protect human rights. Most countries members now. 15 agencies for education, relief. Trusteeship .

United States of America. USA. 40,000-20,000BC Asians settle. 1492-1776 Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands, Britain colonize. 1776 American Revolution. 1783 Thirteen Colonies independent. Manifest Destiny. 1845 +Texas. 1848 +California. 1867 +Alaska. 1898 +Hawaii, Puerto Rico.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 1948. United Nations list of rights to be accorded people by their governments. Rejected by USSR, China, Poland, Yugoslavia, Ukraine, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, many Moslem countries. Signed by Russia, 1996.

Unkiar Skelessi, Treaty. 1833-41. Russia/Ottoman mutual defence alliance. Straits Convention.

Unverdorben, Otto. 1806-73. Aniline dyes from indigo 1826.

Upanishads. 1000-600BC. Elaboration of Vedas dealing with nature of reality.

Ur. 4000BC Sumerian city on Euphrates River. Mesopotamian capital 26~21C BC.

Urania. Greek muse of astronomy.

Uranus. Early Greek personification of the heavens. Father of Titans.

Urartu. 13-7C BC Kingdom in eastern Turkey. Conquered by Sargon. c600BC Armenians.

Urban II. 1035-95. Pope 1088-. Forbade clergy to pay homage to temporal powers. Crusades.

Urban V. 1310-70. Avignon pope. Returned to Rome temporarily 1367-70.

Urban VI. 1318-89. Avignon pope 1378-. Caused Schism.

Urban VIII. 1568-1644. Pope 1623-. Supported France in Thirty Years War.

Urey, Harold. 1893-1981. US physicist. Isolated deuterium 1931. Heavy water needed for atomic bomb.

Ursula, St. 4C. Martyred by Huns with 11,000 virgins.

Ursulines. 1535. Roman Catholic order founded by Angela Merci for the education of women.

Uruguay. 1516 Díaz discovers. 1683 Portugal. 1777 Spain(La Plata). 1820 Brazil. 1828 Independent.

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