Trappists. 1664-. Cistercian monks. Austerity, silence.

Trasimeno, Battle. 217BC Victory of Hannibal over Romans.

Travis, William. 1811-36. Texas revolutionary commander killed at Alamo.

Treaty Ports. Japan, China forced by west to open ports to foreign trade. Opium Wars.

Treitschke, Heinrich von. 1834-96. German Nationalist historian. Authoritarianism. History of Germany 1879-94.

Trenchard, Hugh. 1873-1956. British Flying Corps Commander. “Father of the RAF” 1918.

Trent, Council of. 1545-63. Compiled Missal used by Roman Catholic Church until 1969. Prohibited sale of indulgences. Signals counter-reformation. Luther.

Trent Affair. 1861. US sieze British mail ship in Civil War, remove two Confederate commissioners.

Trianon Treaty. 1920. WWI Allies settle Hungarian borders at 1/3 of pre-war size.

Tribonian. -545 Byzantine. Compiled Corpus Juris Civilis law code 529.

Tricolour. 1789. French flag. Fleur de lys.

Trident Conference. 1943. Secret meeting of Roosevelt, Churchill to plan Normandy Invasion.

Triennial Act. 1640. Charles I agrees to call parliament every 3 years. 1694. New election every 3 years.

Trinity. Christian doctrine that God has single essence in 3 divine persons: Father, Son, Holy Spirit.

Tripartite Pact. 1940. Japan joins German-Italian Axis. Joined by Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, 1940; Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Croatia, 1941.

Triple Alliance. 1668 England, United Provinces, Sweden vs France to protect Spanish Netherlands. 1717 France, England, Dutch Republic vs Spain...Quadruple Alliance. 1788-90 British, Dutch Republic, Prussia vs spread of Russo-Swedish War. 1795. England, Austria, Russia vs threat of French Revolution.1882-1914. Germany, Austria, Italy vs Triple Entente.

Triple Alliance, War of. 1865-70. Paraguayan War.

Tripolitan War. 1801-5. US vs Barbary pirates who demanded tribute to the Pasha of Tripoli.

Triumvirate. 60BC. Caesar, Pompey, Crassus. 43BC. Octavian, Antony, Lepidus.

Trojan War. c1184BC. 10 Year siege to retrieve Helen taken by Paris to Troy. Trojan Horse leads to Greek victory.

Trollope, Anthony. 1815-82. English Realist Victorian novelist of ordinary people, religious and political life: Phineas Finn. Barchester Towers 1857. 46 novels.

Tropez, St. Decapitated by Nero, his body set adrift with a dog and cock was untouched until it came to rest at St. Tropez, France.

Trotsky. Lev Bronstein. 1879-1940. Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, with Lenin anti-Stalin. “Worldwide Permanent Revolution”-socialism in Russia requires revolution everywhere. Favoured International Communism over Stalin’s Russian nationalism. Organized First Soviet 1905. Twice banished to Siberia by Czar. 1918 War Commissar...Red Army. Banished by Stalin 1929. Murdered in exile in Mexico.

Trotskyists. 1965-75. Revolutionary radical-left syndicalist movements propounding Trotsky’s theory of permanent revolution.

Troubadours. 11-13C. Wandering lyric poets of south France and Italy.

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