Arcadia, Academy of. 1690. 1925 =Italian Literary Academy. Originally known for poetic, pastoral style.

Arcadius. 377-408. First Roman Emperor of East, 395-.

Archaic Period of Greek Art. c650-500BC. Egyptian influenced sculpture. Mythological vase painting.

Archangels. Chief angels of Christian, Judaic, Islamic, other religions.

Archduke. Hereditary title of Austrian Hapsburgs.

Archer, William. 1856-1924. Scottish critic, playwright. Translated Ibsen.

Argentina. Tehuelch, Querandi, Puelche, Inca. 1536 Spanish. 1776 Viceroyalty of La Plata. 1816 Independent United Province of La Plata. 1862 =Argentina. 1943 Peron. 1982 Falklands War. 2001 Economic collapse.

Argos. Greek city-state. Dominated Peloponnesus 7C BC.

Argus. 100 eyed keeper of Io, killed by Hermes. Hera gave eyes to the peacock.

Ariadne. Daughter of Minos. Gave Theseus the string to escape the Labyrinth.

Arianism. 313-. Christian heresy. “Christ not of same nature as God.” Condemned at Nicaea.

Arion. Greek bard rescued by dolphin.

Ariosto, Ludovico. 1474-1533. Italian Renaissence poet, playwright: Orlando Furioso 1516.

Aristarchus. 310-230BC. Samos. First to postulate sun as center of solar system. Accused of impiety. Copernicus.

Aristippus. 435-366BC. Cyrenaic philosopher: Man’s goal should be pleasure. Good=pleasant.

Aristocracy. Gov’t by a privileged class.

Aristophanes. c450-388BC. Athenian poet and satirical dramatist: The Clouds 423, The Birds 414. Lysistrata.

Aristotle. 384-322BC. Greek philosopher, founder of Peripatetics: Unified theory of knowledge. Matter, potentially alive, strives to attain its living form. Stressed observation and logic. Deductive Reasoning. Free Will.

Arjun. 1563-1606. Sikh guru, first martyr.

Ark of the Covenant. Built by Moses to house 10 Commandments.

Armagnac. Former county of southwest France, now Gascogne. 960 Independent. 1360 English. 1607 France.

Armagnacs. Fought Burgundians for control of France through Charles VI regency 1395-1435. Arras.

Armed Neutrality at Sea. 1780-1801. Agreement that neutral flag at sea protects all but military goods.

Armenia. 9C BC Vannic kingdom. 8C BC Persians, Assyrians, Armenians settle. 521BC Persian. 331BC Alexander...Seleucid. 298 Rome. 387 Persia/Byzantine. 7C Moslem. 885 Independent kingdom. 1071 Seljuk. 13C Mongol. 1405 Ottoman/Persian. 1514 Ottoman. 1918 Independent. 1920 Russia/Turkey. 1990 Independent. CIS.

Armenian Church. c303. First Christian state church. 506 schism with Rome.

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