Aarau Treaty. 1712. Ended Swiss War.

Aasen, Ivar. 1813-96. Developed New Norwegian language, officially adopted, 1907.

Abbadids. 1023-91. Moslem dynasty in Andalusia.

Abbas II. 1874-1944. Last Egyptian khedive, 1892-. Opposed British. Deposed, 1914.

Abbasid. 750-1258. Second Empire of Caliphate dynasty. Overthrew Umayyads; destroyed by Mongols.

Abbaye Prison. Principal site of 1792 September Massacres.

Abbeville Treaty. 1258. England returns Normandy to France.

Abd ar-Rahman I. 731-788. Umayyad emir of Cordoba, 755-. Repelled Charlemagne.

Abdul Rahman, Tunku. 1903-90. First Prime Minister of independent Malaya 1957-70. United Malay, Chinese, Indian factions.

Abel. Old Testament. Second son of Adam and Eve. Killed by Cain.

Abel, Frederick. 1827-1902. English inventor of military explosive cordite with Dewar, 1889.

Abel, Rudolf. 1902-71. Russian spy traded for Powers.

Abélard, Pierre. 1079-c1144. French Conceptualist theologian of Notre-Dame. Advocated discussion vs dogma. Famed love of Héloïse. Accused of heresy 1121. Letters to Heloise 1103. Sic et Non 1132. Theologia.

Aberhart, William. 1878-1943. Canadian Social Credit advocate.

Abo, Treaty. 1743. Sweden cedes SE Finland to Russia.

Abolition Act. 1833. Ends slavery in British Empire.

Abolitionists. 1774-1868. US anti-slavery party. Merged into Republicans. Radical Republicans.

Abstract Art. 20C. Color, line and form without subject. Begun by Cezanne.

Abstract Expressionism. 1940s New York style of Pollock, Rothko. Spontaneous expression, free of traditional values. Expressionism.

Abu Moslem Revolt. 747-50. Umayyad downfall.

Abydos, Table. 14C BC List of Egyptian. kings. Discovered Temple of Seti,1817.

Abyssinia. Ethiopia.

Abyssinia-Italy War. 1894-6. Ended Italian colonialism.

Abyssinian War. 1935-6. Italy invades Ethiopia. League of Nations ineffective.

Academia Palatina. 9C school founded by Charlemagne.

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