Sibelius, Jan. 1865-1957. Finnish composer. Finlandia. Symphonies and tone poems evoke feeling of North. Kulervo Symphony 1892.

Sidoine Apollinaire. 430-472. Roman poet, Bishop of Clermont-Ferrand.

Sieyès, Joseph. 1748-1836. French abbé. What is the Third Estate? called for democracy 1789. Drafted Declaration of the Rights of Man. Helped organize Napoleon’s coup.

Sigismund I. The Old. 1467-1548. King of Poland 1506-. Acquired Prussia 1525.

Sigismund III. Vasa. 1566-1632. King of Poland 1587-, Sweden 1592-99. Captured Moscow 1610-12.

Sigurdsson, Jon. 1811-79. Icelandic statesman. Led self-government movement.

Silesia. c300BC Vandal. c4C Slav. 11C Polish. 1163 Divided. 13C German colony/Tatars invade. 1335 Bohemia. 15C Divided. 1526 Hapsburg. 1675 Bohemia. 1694 Austria. 1742 Prussia. 1921 Czechoslovakia/Poland/Germany. 1938/9 German. 1945 Poland/GDR.

Simenon, Georges. 1903-89. Belgian writer of political and detective novels. Commissaire Maigret.

Simony. Trading in church offices, sacred objects. Banned by Council of Chalcedon 451, and in England since Edward VI.

Sims, William. 1858-1936. US WWI naval commander.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

Sistine Chapel. 1473. Vatican. Walls by Botticelli, Ghirlandaio; ceiling by Michelangelo 1508-12. Last Judgement 1534-41.

Sitter, Willem de. 1872-1934. Dutch radio astronomer. Expanding universe.

Siva. 4 armed 3 eyed Hindu god of destruction and restoration.

Six Articles, Statute. 1539-1547. Henry VIII’s statement of Church of England doctrine. Persecuted both adamant Catholics and Protestants.

Skanda. Hindu war god.

Smith, Adam. 1723-1790. Scottish economist. Doctrine of free exchange. Natural law of supply and demand. Wealth of Nations 1776. -“Labour is source of all wealth”.

Snow, C.D. 1905-80. English writer. Strangers and Brothers series.

Soane, John. 1753-1837. English Neoclassical architect, collector. Bank of England 1792-1833.

Soccer War. 1969. Honduras vs El Salvador. Triggered by football game and economic conditions.

Social Contract. Hobbes political philosophy. Compact between ruler and ruled. Locke.

Socialism, Utopian. Saint-Simon’s concept of government redistributing wealth according to capacity and performance.

Socialist Party. 1901-30. US party advocating socialism based on earlier Social Democratic and Social Labor (1876) Parties. Ideas applied to New Deal.

Socinianism. 1550-19C Unitarian-like religious sect. Christ divine by function, not nature. 1658 Poland.

Socrates. c470-399BC. Greek philosopher. Knowledge is the key to influencing destiny. Ignorance leaves one subject to fate. Socratic method of teaching by dialog. Dialectic. Condemned for impiety and corrupting the young - drank hemlock. “Know thyself”.

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