Tasman, Abel. c1603-59. Dutch navigator. Discovered Tasmania, New Zealand. 1642; Fiji, Tonga 1643.

Tay Son Rebellion. 1771-88. Vietnam. Tay Son brothers take power. 1788-93. Defeat invading Chinese. Social reforms.

Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre. 1881-1955. French Jesuit philosopher. Man is evolving toward final spiritual unity.

Telemann, Georg. 1681-1767. German Baroque composer of vitality, wit and color.

Templars. 1119-1312. Founded by Baldwin II and 9 knights in the Holy Land to protect pilgrims. Created International banking system, 9,000 commanderies, and owned 1/4 of Paris when dissolved by Philip IV, 1307; and Edward II, 1308. Council of Vienne.

Ten Years’ War. 1868-78. Failed Cuban rebellion vs Spain. Virginius Affair.

Tet Offensive. 1968. Giap-led Vietcong attack 100 South Vietnamese cities, proof of strength creates US disenchantment with war.

Tetrarchy. Any country with sovereign under Roman Empire in Eastern Provinces.

Teutonic Knights. c1190-1809. Military Germanic order to treat wounded crusaders. 13-14C Empire over Prussia, Estonia, Latvia. Tannenberg.

Tezcatlipoca. Evil god of Toltecs.

Thaw, the. 1954-7. Relaxed government control on Soviet literature.

Theodora. c500-48. Byzantine Empress, adviser, wife of Justinian I.

Theodoric I. -534. Frankish king of Austrasia. Son of Clovis I.

Theosophy. 1875- Revival of ancient mystical philosophy. Salvation through direct knowledge of God. Blavatsky. Besant.

Third Coalition, War. 1805. England, Austria, Russia, Sweden beaten by France, Spain despite Trafalgar victory. Ulm. Austerlitz. Coalition.

Thirteen Colonies. 1776. British colonies in North America which formed the United States: Virginia, Massachussets, New York, Maryland, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Georgia.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Thököly, Imre. 1657-1705. Led Hungarian Protestant rebels vs Austria. Besieged Vienna with Turks 1683.

Thomas, St. Apostle. Sought evidence of Resurrection.

Thomas Aquinas, St. 1225-74. Italian Dominican scholar. 5 Proofs of God. An eternal law governs all physical and moral behaviour. Summa Theologica. Thomism. Reconciled Aristotle’s reason with Christian faith.

Thompson, David. 1770-1857. Explored western US, Columbia River.

Thor. Scandinavian god of thunder and war.

Thoreau, Henry. 1817-62. US naturist, anarchist essayist: Civil Disobedience 1848. Walden 1854.

Thousand, Expedition of the. 1860. Garibaldi takes Sicily, Naples for Victor Emmanuel II.

Three Holy Children. Biblical Hebrews who survived Nebuchadnezzar’s furnace. Apocrypha.

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