Masaryk, Thomas. 1850-1937. Founder, first President of Czechoslovakia, 1918-35.

Mason-Dixon Line. 1763-7. MD-PA border named for its 2 surveyors. 1820- Separated slave/free states.

Materialism. All nature is describable as moving particles. Mind is the result of physical activity in the brain. Büchner. Diderot. Hobbes. Marx. Epicureans.

Maurice, Friedrich. 1805-72. English theologian. Christian Socialist founder.

Maurice of Nassau. 1567-1625. Prince of Orange 1618-. Dutch military leader. Fought Spanish 1590s.

Mausolus. Persian Satrap c377-353BC. Tomb at Halicarnassus was one of Seven Wonders.

Mavrokordátos, Aléxandros. 1791-1835. Greek revolutionary leader vs Turkey. Prime Minister 1833,44,54-55.

May Fourth Movement. 1915-21. Chinese intellectuals for modernization, westernization, freedom for women.

Mboya, Tom. 1930-69. Kenyan Nationalist leader. Assassinated.

McAdoo, William. 1863-1941. Founded US Federal Reserve Board 1913. Raised $18B for war effort.

McClure, Robert. 1807-73. British naval commander. First Northwest Passage crossing by boat and sledge 1853-4.

McCrae, John. 1872-1918. Canadian physician/poet. In Flanders Fields.

McNaughton, Andrew. 1887-1966. Canadian WWII commander in England. Invented direction finder.

Meiji. 1852-1912. Japanese Empire. 1867-. Modernization. New constitution. Abolished feudalism. Made Japan a world power. Ended isolationism. Tokugawa.

Melville, Lord. 1742-1811. British minister under Pitt. Impeached, 1805; acquitted.

Menander. 342-292BC. Greek comic dramatist. Dyscolus 316BC.

Menderes, Adnan. 1899-1961. Turkish Prime Minister 1950-60. Executed for dictatorship.

Mendicant Friars. 13C-. Religious orders depending on alms. Franciscans, Dominicans, Augustinians, Carmelites.

Menno Simmons. 1496-1561. Dutch founder of Mennonites 1536.

Mensheviks. 1903-22. Pacifist minority Social Democratic Workers Party members under Martov split from Bolsheviks. Sought gradual vs revolutionary socialism. Suppressed after October Revolution.

Merchants of the Steelyards. -1598. German traders in London.

Merciless Parliament. Wonderful Parliament. 1388. Impeached 5 Richard II supporters.

Merovingians. 476-751. Frankish dynasty. Childeric founded; Clovis expanded empire to modern France, Germany, Belgium, N Italy. Austrasia, Neustria; 534+Burgundy. Clotaire. Carolingians.

Mesopotamia. 5000BC. Tigris-Euphrates river plain where civilization began. 550BC Persia. 331BC Alexander. 115 Rome. 637 Moslem. 13C Mongol. 1534 Ottoman. Babylon. Akkad. Ur. Iraq.

Metastasio, Pietro. 1698-1782. Italian librettist for Gluck, Handel, Haydn, Mozart.

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