Frederick IX. 1899-1972. Danish king 1947-. Imprisoned by Nazis, 43-45.

Frederick the Fair. 1286-1330. Fought Louis IV unsuccessfully for German crown 1314-22.

Freemasons. Secret fraternal organization based on guilds, chivalry, religious orders. 1717 London Grand Lodge.

Freud, Sigmund. 1856-1939. Austrian founder of Psychoanalysis. Sexually oriented guilt. First to divide mind into conscious and subconscious. Studies in Hysteria 1895. Interpretation of Dreams 1899.

Froebel, Friedrich. 1782-1852. German kindergarten 1841. Creativity, personal development, social adjustment.

Gall, Franz. 1758-1828. Phrenology founder 1770.

Galloway, Joseph. c1731-1803 British loyalist leader in American Revolution. Peaceful settlement proposal defeated.

Galt, Alexander. 1817-93. British/Canadian statesman, father of Canadian Confederation.

Galton, Francis. 1822-1911. English founder of Eugenics. Hereditary Genius 1869.

Gambetta, Léon. 1838-82. French Third Republic leader.

Gang of Four. Chinese leaders, including Mao’s widow, convicted 1980 of Cultural Revolution abuses.

Garcia Iñiguez, Calixto. 1836-98. Cuban leader. Ten Years War. Spanish-American War.

Garcia Lorca, Federico. 1898-1936. Spanish poet, dramatist. Gypsy Ballads 1928.

Garter, Order of. c1348. First Order of British Knighthood. Founded by Edward III. “Honi soit qui mal y pense”. Shame on him who thinks evil of it.

GATT. General Agreement on Trade and Tarrifs. 1948-95. Regulates trade tarrifs under UN. WTO.

Gaugemela, Battle. 331BC. Alexander the Great defeats Persia.

Gaul. Celtic populated region = modern France, Belgium, W Germany, N Italy.

Gauss, Karl. 1777-1855. German physicist, mathematician. Complex Numbers. Modern arithmetic 1801.

Genghis Khan. c1160-1227. Founder of the Mongol Empire. Black Sea to Pacific.

George of Podebrady. 1420-71. Utraquist leader. Bohemian king 1458-.

Georgia. 6C BC Achaemenid. 4C BC Alexander. 65BC Rome. 330 Christian. 4-5C Sassanids, Byzantine dispute. 6C Sass. 7C Moslem. 8C 2 Kingdoms. c1000 United. 1220 Mongol(E). 14C United. 15C Turk/Persian. 1801 Russia. 1918 Independent. 1921 Soviet Republic. 1991 Independent. CIS.

German Confederation. 1815-66. 39 states allied for mutual defence. Dominated by Austria.

Germany. HRE. 1806 Confederation of Rhine. 1815 German Confederation. 1818 Zollverein. 1866 -Austria =North German Confederation. 1871 German Empire. 1919 Weimar Republic. 1933 Third Reich. 1949 German Democratic Republic(E), Federal Republic of Germany(W). 1990 re-united.

Germany, Federal Republic of. (FRG). 1949-90 West Germany. 1955 NATO. 1990 +GDR =Germany.

Gerry, Elbridge. 1744-1814. US statesman. XYZ Affair. 1812 Gerrymandering - drawing electoral boundaries to affect the outcome of an election.

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