Panipat, Battles. 1526 Moguls defeat Afghans, establish dynasty. 1556 Moguls defeat Hindus. 1761 Afghans defeat Marathas.

Passchendaele, Battle. 1917 Limit of British/Canadian advance WWI, Ypres. 300,000 casualties. 1918 Germans first use of mustard gas.

Philippe de Champagne. Cartoonist 1631. Windows of St-Eustache.

Post-Romantic. Music style of late 19C, early 20C. Exaggerated Romanticism. Mahler. Schoenberg.

Realism. 19C art movement concerned with recording everyday life. Courbet.

Republican People’s Party. Turkey 1923-50. Founded by Ataturk.

Saracoglu, Sükrü. 1887-1953. Turkish Prime Minister 1942-6. Atatürk ally.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act. 1890 US. Prohibits monopolies, restraint of trade.

Stresemann, Gustav. 1878-1929. German statesman. Gained entry to League of Nations.

Turkey. Established 1920 by Treaty of Sèvres from Ottoman Empire. 1923 Republic. Atatürk.

Ustaše. 1929-45 Secret Croatian terrorist group seeking independence from Yugoslavia.

Vigeland, Gustav. 1869-1943. Norwegian sculptor depicting man’s struggle for life. Frogner Parken.

Wright, Wilbur. 1867-1912, Orville. 1871-1948. Aviation pioneer. First sustained controlled heavier than air flight, 1903.