Trade Unions. Legalized: 1824 Britain. 1834 France. 1869 Germany. 1875 British legalized picketing.

Trades Union Congress. TUC. 1868. Organization of British unions sponsoring Labour Party. ICFTU.

Treaty Ports. Japan, China forced by west to open ports to foreign trade. Opium Wars.

Uganda. 1844 Arab traders reach. 1862 British explore. 1894 British protectorate. 1962 Independent. Amin.

U-2 Incident. 1960. US spy plane shot down over USSR. Summit cancelled. Pilot Powers traded for Russian spy Abel 1962.

Vienna, Congress. 1814-15. Redrew map of Europe after Napoleon. Prussia gains Rhine, Westphalia. Swiss borders and neutrality confirmed. Netherlands created from Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg. Malta and Cape Colony ceded to Britain. Russia gets Poland. Austria trades Netherlands for north Italy. France reduced to 1792 borders. Metternich.

Wahabi. 18-19C. Militant Moslem Arab Puritan sect. Fought Porte 1813-15. Invaded Kuwait 1919,27,28; repulsed with British help. 2001 World Trade Center. Taliban.

Walpole, Robert. 1676-1745. English Whig. First Prime Minister 1721-42. Free trade and peace.

Webster-Ashburton, Treaty. 1842. Britain, US settle Eastern US-Canada border, suppress slave trade.

WFTU. Communist World Federation of Trade Unions. Formed 1945 from IFTU. 1949 Non-Communist ICFTU split off. 2002 vs globalization, privatization.

Wilberforce, William. 1759-1833. English campaigner vs slave trade.

World War I. 1914-18. Allies-France, British Empire, Russia, Italy, US(1917-) vs Central Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire. Caused by Nationalist movements, Balkan instability, trade rivalry, alliances. 30M casualties. First tanks, chemical, planes, submarines. Ended Russian, Ottoman, Austria-Hungarian Empires.

WorldTradeCenter, 1972-2001. New York. Attacked 1993, destroyed September 11, 2001 by al-Qaeda terrorists. Osama bin Laden.

WTO. World Trade Organization. 1995. Successor to GATT. Focus of anti-globalization protests. WFTU.

Corbeil, Treaty. 1258. France, Aragon. Settled territorial disputes.

International Court of Justice. 1945-. UN appointed body to settle International disputes. World Court.

Lothair. 835-69. King of Lotharingia, 855. Disputes with Pope over annulment of his marriage.

Abdul Rahman, Tunku. 1903-90. First Prime Minister of independent Malaya 1957-70. United Malay, Chinese, Indian factions.

Abjuration, Act. 1581. Dutch declaration of independence from Spain. Republic 1588.

Abolition Act. 1833. Ends slavery in British Empire.

Abstract Art. 20C. Color, line and form without subject. Begun by Cezanne.

Abstract Expressionism. 1940s New York style of Pollock, Rothko. Spontaneous expression, free of traditional values. Expressionism.

Acta. 59BC-330. Minutes of Roman public business, published daily.

Actaeon. Mythical Greek hunter, turned into a stag for watching Artemis bathing.

Action Française. 1898-1945. French right wing political movement and newspaper.

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