Adi Granth. Sacred Sikh scripture.

Aditi. Hindu goddess, mother of Krsna and Vishnu.

Adler, Alfred. 1870-1937. Austrian psychiatrist. Split with Freud, 1911.

Admetus. Greek mythical suitor of Alcestis.

Adonis. Beautiful youth, beloved of Aphrodite and Persephone, worshipped by the Phoenicians.

Adrianople, Battle. 378. Visigoths defeat Rome, kill Valens.

Adventists. US religious sect that believes in the imminent second coming of Christ.

Aeëtes. Greek. Medea’s father. Guardian of Golden Fleece.

Aegeus. King of Athens. Theseus’ father. Suicide.

Aegospotami. 405BC. Naval battle, ends Peloponnesian War. Victory of Lysander vs Athens.

Aelfric. c955-1010. Anglo-Saxon writer. Love of the Saints.

Aeolus. Greek king (later, god) of the winds.

Aeschylus. 524-456BC. Founded Greek tragic drama. Introduced 2nd actor, reduced chorus. Prometheus Bound. Seven Against Thebes, 467.

Aetolian League. 4-2C BC. Confederation of Greek city states, led by Thebes.

Afghanistan. c200BC Aryan. 6C BC Achaemenid. 330 Alexander...Seleucid/ Maurya. 2C BC Persia/ India/ Parthia/ Kushan. 7C Arab (NW). 750 Persia (W)/ Hindu (E). 1219 Mongol...Timurid. 1525 Mogul. 1737 Persia. 1747 Monarchy. 19 C Britain/Russia dispute 1880 British suzerainty. 1919 Independent. 1973 Marxist coup, Republic. 1978 Communist coup. 1979 Russian occupation. 1989 Mujahideen expel Russians aided by CIA. 1990s Warlords. 2001 US attack Taliban.

African National Congress. ANC. 1912-. Organization for black rights in South Africa outlawed to 1990. 1994- Ruling party. Mandela.

Afrikaans. Dutch-derived language of South Africa.

Aggression. 1974 UN Definition-Use of armed force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of another state.

Agnosticism. Huxley’s term for not knowing whether God exists or not.

Ahimsa. Hindu/Buddhist doctrine: non-injury to all living things. Jainism.

Akkad. Ancient region in modern Iraq, north of Sumer. c24C BC; center of Sargon’s Semitic Empire.

Al-Hakim. 985-1021. 6th Fatimid Caliph. Druze.

Alaric I. c370-410. Visigoth chief who sacked Rome, 410.

Alaric II. -507. King of Visigoths 484-, beaten by Clovis, 507. Law code 506 for Roman subjects.

Alba. 843 Kingdom of Picts and Scots, north of Clyde. 1034 +Strathclyde +Cumbria +Lothian.

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