Nasmyth, James. 1808-90. Scottish inventor of steam hammer, 1839.

New Testament. Portion of Bible relating to life and teachings of Christ and his disciples.

Newcomen, Thomas. 1663-1729. First steam engine, 1706, as mine pump. Basis of Watt’s.

Papin, Denis. 1647-1714. French doctor, first utilized steam pressure. Pressure cooker 1679. Piston 1680.

Parsons, Charles. 1854-1931. English inventor of multi-stage steam turbine, 1884.

Pestalozzi, Johann. 1746-1827. Swiss educator. Modern primary education system. Paced development from familiar to new. Lienhard and Gertrude 1781-9. How Gertrude Teaches 1801.

Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto. 1915-. Chilean President 1973-90. Coup vs Allende. Brutal dictatorship, torture and disappearances. Charged 1998.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Preemption Act. 1841-91. US law allowed squatters on government land to buy 160 acres. Homestead.

Protestantism. Christian doctrine based on faith instead of church dispensations. Reformation. Presbyterianism. Calvin. Luther.

Régence. c1700-30. Decorative arts style: Transition from heavy, linear to Rococo. Watteau.

Renaissance Music. c16C. Freer, flexible polyphony; steady, predictable rhythm. Palestrina. Gabrieli. English madrigals.

Rococo. Art and Architecture 1720-70. Last stage of Baroque. Shell shaped motif in ornamentation. Dainty, graceful, ornate, smiling. Watteau. Boucher. Fragonard.

Saarinen, Eliel. 1873-1950. Finnish/US modern architect, teacher. Palace of League of Nations (Geneva) 1927.

Salisbury, First Earl. 1563-1612. British adviser to Elizabeth I. Negotiated James I succession.

Scala, Cangrande I della. 1291-1329. Lord of Verona, patron of Dante.

Scopes Trial. 1925. Scopes found guilty of teaching evolution in Tennessee high school. Bryan. Darrow.

Scribe. c5C-200BC. Jewish scholar, teacher. 200BC- jurist/doctor of law.

Six Dynasties. 220-589. Chinese period. Buddhism, Taoism, technical developments. Tea. Gunpowder.

Socrates. c470-399BC. Greek philosopher. Knowledge is the key to influencing destiny. Ignorance leaves one subject to fate. Socratic method of teaching by dialog. Dialectic. Condemned for impiety and corrupting the young - drank hemlock. “Know thyself”.

Stair, First earl. 1648-1707. Scottish under-secretary of state to William III. Approved Glencoe Massacre.

Stephenson, George. 1781-1848. English inventor of steam locomotive 1814, “Rocket” 1829.

Strafford, First earl. 1593-1641. English adviser to Charles I. Executed by Parliament.

Tea. c2700BC China. 6C Europe. 1657 England.

Tea Act. 1773. British give British East India Company effective monopoly in North America. Boston Tea Party.

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