Staël, Germaine de. 1766-1817. French woman of letters. Opposed Napoleon. Exiled. Corinne 1807. Germany 1810.

Stanislavsky, Konstantin. 1863-1938. Russian director. Founded Moscow Art Theater 1898. Method Acting.

Steichen, Edward. 1879-1973. US photo-artist.

Stephen, St. -31. First Christian martyr.

Stieglitz, Alfred. 1864-1946. US photo-artist.

Stuart. Family which ruled Scotland 1371-1714, England 1603-1714.

Stuart, Arabella. 1575-1615. Pretender to English throne. Died in Tower.

Stuart, Charles Edward. Charlie, Bonnie Prince.

Stuart, Esme. 1542-83. Planned rescue of Mary Queen of Scots. Exiled.

Stuart, Frances. 1648-1702. “Only true love” of Charles II of England.

Stuart, Henry. 1725-1807. Last Stuart claimant to English throne. Left family jewels to George IV.

Stuart, James. 1688-1766. “The Old Pretender”. Catholic Prince of Wales, claimant to British throne. Jacobites.

Suharto. 1921-. Indonesian president. 1967-. Brutally repressed communist coup 1965.

Sullivan, Arthur. 1842-1900. British composer. Operetta form. Mikado 1885. HMS Pinafore 1878. Onward Christian Soldiers. Gilbert.

Suprematism. 20C. Russian school of geometric abstract art.

Surrealism. 1920-. Artistic and literary movement dealing with the expression of the subconscious mind, fantasy, dreams. Klee, Dali, de Chirico, Chagall.

Sykes-Picot Agreement. 1916. France, Britain agree on post WWI partition of Ottoman Empire.

Symbolists. 19C French literary movement expressing truth subjectively by symbols. Spread to art, music. Verlaine. Mallarmé. Munch.

Symons, Arthur. 1865-1945. British Symbolist poet.

Syracuse, Battle. 480BC Carthage repelled. 415-413BC Critical Athenian defeat in Peloponnesian War. 396, 392 Carthage defeated. 382-75 Defeated by Carthage. 214-211 BC Rome conquers, sacks city.

Syria. c10000BC Natufians. c2300BC Akkadian. c1900 Amorite. 16C Egypt. 14C Hittite. 8C Assyria. 7C Babylon. 538 Achaemenid. 332 Alexander...301 Seleucid. 64BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 634 Moslem. 877 Egypt. 11C Seljuk 1098 Latin Empire(part). 12C Ayyubid. 1249 Mameluk. 1516 Ottoman. 1920 French League of Nations mandate. 1943 Independent. 1958 +Egypt = United Arab Republic. 1961 -Egypt=Syria. Damascus.

Taft-Hartley Act. 1947. US act regulating unions, strikes.

Tamayo, Rufino. 1899-91. Mexican artist.

Tammany Society. 1789-. Powerful NY Democratic party association.

Tamworth Manifesto. 1834. Peel’s moderate reforms as British Conservative Party platform.

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