Garter, Order of. c1348. First Order of British Knighthood. Founded by Edward III. “Honi soit qui mal y pense”. Shame on him who thinks evil of it.

Gaskell, Elizabeth. 1810-65. Social novelist. Mary Barton 1848.

Gautama, Siddhartha. -480BC. Prince. Buddha.

Gautier, Théophile. 1811-72. French poet. -“Art for art’s sake”. Mlle de Maupin 1835.

Gawain. Arthurian ideal knight.

Genroku Era. 1688-1703. Peak of Japanese art.

Geoffrey of Monmouth. 1100-55. English author. Historia Regum Brittaniae c1135. King Arthur.

Geometric. c9C BC. Last Mycenaean Greek art form.

German-Soviet Pact. 1939-41. Nonaggression agreement. Divided Poland, Baltic between USSR/Germany. Left Hitler free to invade Poland, starting WWII.

Gibbon, John. First heart-lung machine 1953.

Gilbert, William. 1540-1603. English scientist. Earth’s magnetic field, 1600. Coined term ’electricity’.

Gilbert, William. 1834-1911. Librettist with Sullivan. Pirates of Penzance 1879. Mikado 1885.

Giotto. c1266-1337. Florentine fresco painter. First to abandon Byzantine style. Arena Chapel frescoes 1305. Madonna and Child c1314.

Girardon, François. 1628-1715. French Baroque sculptor. Tomb of Richelieu 1675-7.

Gladiatorial Wars. 73-71BC. Spartacus.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Glenn, John. 1921- First American to orbit earth, 1962. US Senator 1974-.

Gneisenau, August. 1760-1831. Prussian general vs Napoleon.

Gothic Art. 13C-. Church sculpture, illuminated manuscripts. Less idealized than Classical. Emotions portrayed.

Grande Armée. 1805-12. Napoleon’s 1,000,000 man army; combined smaller armies for central control.

Great Wall of China. Parts 4C BC. Joined 214-204BC.

Greece. c3000BC Minoan(Crete). c1500BC Achaean. 11C Aeolian, Ionian. c1100 Dorian. 683 Athens monarchy. 404 Sparta. 371 Thebes. 338 Macedonia...Alexander. 197BC Rome...Byzantine. 1453 AD Ottoman. 1829 Independent kingdom. 1912 +Crete. 1924 Republic. 1935 Constitutional Monarchy. 1973 Republic. 1981 EEC. 1994 EU.

Griffith, Arthur. 1872-1922. Founded Sinn Fein 1905. Irish President 1922.

Gros, Antoine. 1771-1835. French painter of Napoleon’s military career.

Grosz, George. 1893-1959. German satirical artist/caricaturist. Pillars of Society.

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