Amana Colonies. 1855. Successful Pietist communes in Iowa.

American Civil Liberties Union. ACLU. 1920-. US legal action group supporting civil rights.

American Civil War. 1861-5. Abolitionist North defeats slave-owning South. Britain and France support South, Russia supports North. Union. Confederacy.

Amorites. 1900-1600BC. Babylonian civilization conquered Sumerians. Hammurabi.

An. Sumerian god of heaven, father of all gods.

Anastasia. 1901-18.Daughter of Nicholas II, allegedly survived family execution.

Anaximenes. -c570BC. Miletan (Gr) philosopher: quantitive differences of substances. All matter is air.

Andorra. Ibericbasc. Greeks/Carthaginians/Romans/Visigoths 8C Muslim. 803 Charlemagne. 1133 Bishop of Urgell. 1159 Fiefdom of Foix. 1278- Principality under joint French, Spanish suzerainty. 1993 Constitution. Coprincipality.

Annunciation. Angel Gabriel’s announcement to Mary re Jesus.

Anthony, Susan B. 1820-1906. US temperence, anti-slavery suffragette.

Antony, Mark. c83-30BC. Caesar’s lieutenant. Triumvirate 43-32. Defeated at Actium with Cleopatra. Suicide.

Apelles. 4C BC. Greek painter. No surviving works.

Apollinaire, Guillaume. 1880-1918. Italian/French avant-garde poet, coined term Surrealism to describe Chagall work.

Apollinarianism. 4C Christian heresy. Jesus not truly human because of his divine nature.

Apollodorus. 5C BC. Athenian painter. Shading. No surviving work.

Apostles. 12 disciples of Jesus. Also, first missionary to a country.

Arcadia. Ancient Greek region of Peloponnesus. Megalopolis.

Argonauts. Greek heroes who pursued the golden fleece.

Argos. Greek city-state. Dominated Peloponnesus 7C BC.

Aristarchus. 310-230BC. Samos. First to postulate sun as center of solar system. Accused of impiety. Copernicus.

Aristippus. 435-366BC. Cyrenaic philosopher: Man’s goal should be pleasure. Good=pleasant.

Arnhem, Battle. 1944. Unsuccessful Allied attempt to cross Rhine.

Ascension. Jesus’ rise to heaven 40 days after Resurrection.

Asceticism. Self denial of sensual and material pleasures. Advocated by many religious sects.

Ashanti Empire. 17-19C Ghana kingdom. Supplied slaves to traders.

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