Hungarian Uprising. 1703-11. Ferenc Rákóczi II led vs Hapsburg centralism. No real change achieved. 1956. Student-led revolt crushed by Russian troops. Kádár puppet government established. Nagy executed.

Husak, Gustav. 1913-91. Czech leader 1968-89. Put in power by Moscow during Czech Invasion. Pres 1975-89.

Hyde, Edward. 1609-74. English statesman, historian. Supported Charles II.

Ignatius of Constantinople, St. c799-877. Greek Catholic Iconophile.

Iguala, Plan de. 1821. Stated 3 objectives of Mexican Independence movement. Ignored by issuer, Iturbide, when he became Emperor.

Immaculate Conception. 1854. Established as RC dogma.

India-Pakistan Wars. 1949. Splits Kashmir. 1965. India gains most of Rann of Kutch. 1971. Bangladesh Independence.

Indian Independence Act. 1947. Freed and partitioned India/Pakistan.

Inquisition. Group of tribunals dedicated to routing out heresy. Papal. 1231-18C. Formalized by Gregory IX. Torture to obtain confession authorized by Innocent IV 1252. Roman. 1542-1908. RC church vs Protestantism. Galileo. Spanish. 1478-1834. Formed by Isabella and Ferdinand to persecute Jews and Moslems. Torquemada. Auto-da-fé.

Instrument of Government. 1653-7. First written constitution in Europe. Established Protectorate in England. Humble Petition.

International. Socialist revolutionary workers movements. First. 1864-76. Founded by Marx in London. Second. 1889-1914. Paris. IFTU. Revived in 1920s. Third. 1919-43. =COMINTERN. Stalin’s Vehicle for world-wide Communist Revolution. Fourth. 1938-53. Trotsky’s Transitional Program for reform.

International Monetary Fund. IMF.1944. Bretton Woods. Lends money to balance foreign exchange deficits and stabilize exchange rates.

Interregnum, Great. 1254-73. HRE without ruler between Hohenstaufen and Hapsburg dynasties.

Intolerable Acts. 1774. British response to Boston Tea Party, Gaspee burning. Closed Boston Harbor. Established military government. Midwest under Quebec rule...Continental Congress.

Iran-Iraq War. 1980-90. Iraq seeks oil rich Khuzestan. US supports war on Islamic regime.

Ireland. 400BC-100 Celts. 432 Christianity. 8-14C Norse/British invade, settle. 1002 Brian Boru. 1573 English plantations. 1801 United Kingdom. 1921 Irish Free State/Northern Ireland.

Ireland, Republic. 1921 Dominion =Irish Free State. 1937 =Eire. 1949 Republic of Ireland. 1949 leaves Commonwealth.

Irene. 752-803. Byzantine regent for Constantine VI 780-790. Deposed him...empress 797-. Iconophile.

Irish Free State. 1922-37. = Ireland, Republic of.

Irish Home Rule. 1880-1920. Movement for Irish independence from Britain. Home rule granted 1920...Irish Free State.

Irish Partition. 1921. Irish Free State established; 6 NE counties elect to stay British.

Irish War. 1919-21. IRA fights for indepence. Irish Free State.

Isaac. Old Testament Patriarch. Abraham’s son from whom all Jews descend. Spared from sacrifice.

Italian East Africa. 1936-41. Italian colonies in Africa. Ethiopia, Eritrea, Italian Somaliland.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

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