Athenian League. 378-338BC. Refounded Delian League. War with Sparta 378-371BC.

Athens. 3000BC. 6C BC growth. 5C decline. 4C Macedonia (aut). 27 BC Rome. 1458 Ottoman. 1834 Greek capital.

Athos, Mt. 963-. Greek theocracy, site of Orthodox monasteries.

Atlas. King of Titans, turned into a mountain to support the sky.

Atropos. Fate of the inevitable, cut the string of life.

Attica. Region around Athens in ancient Greece.

Attila. 406-453. Leader of the Huns. 434 attacked Gaul, defeated at Catalonia in 451. “The Scourge of God”.

Auden, W.H. 1907-73. English/US poet/opera librettist. The Rake’s Progress 1951.

Augereau, Pierre. 1757-1816. Marshal under the Napoleonic Empire.

Augsburg Confession. 1530. Doctrine of faith of Lutheran Church. Consubstantiation. Predestination. Diet of Augsburg. Melanchthon.

Australopithecus. Hominid ancestor to man, discovered in Africa. Lived 1 to 5 million years ago.

Babbage, Charles. 1792-1871. British. Invented Difference Engine, 1823-34 -first computer. Founded British Association for the Advancement of Science 1831, Royal Astronomical Society 1820, Royal Statistical Society 1834.

Babylon, Hanging Gardens. 6C BC. One of Seven Wonders of the World.

Balakirev, Mili. 1837-1910. Russian composer. Influenced 19C Russian music. Overture on Russian Themes 1897.

Baldwin, James. 1924-87. US writer of black experience. Another Country 1962. Go Tell it on the Mountain 1953.

Balkan Wars. 1912-13. Balkan League defeats Ottoman Empire. Turkish territory distributed. General dissatisfaction termed the “powder keg of Europe”.

Balue, Jean. 1421-91. Cardinal, Minister of Louis XI. Plotted with Louis the Bold vs king.

Bancroft, George. 1800-91. “Father of American history”. History of United States 1834-74.

Bannockburn, Battle. 1314. Scots defeat English, assuring independence. Robert the Bruce.

Bantu. Language of 60M natives in Southern Africa.

Banville, Théodore de. 1823-91. French Parnassian poet. Early Symbolist. Odes funambulesques 1857.

Barbusse, Henri. 1873-1935. French writer: Le Feu (The experiences of a common soldier) 1916.

Barricades, Day of the. 1588. Paris. Catholic League rebels vs Henry III.

Bartholdi, Frédéric. 1834-1904. French sculptor of the Statue of Liberty 1886.

Bassano. 1796. Victory of Napoleon over the Austrians.

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