Robespierre, Maximilien de. 1758-94. Jacobin extremist French revolutionary leader. Opposed Cult of Reason. Led Terror. Executed.

Ronsard, Pierre de. 1524-85. French Pléiade poet. Odes 1550. Amours 1552. Franciade 1572.

Saint-Just, Louis de. 1767-94. French revolutionary leader. Ally of Robespierre.

Ste. Chapelle. 1246-8. Paris. Architect: Pierre de Montreuil. Built to house The Crown of Thorns.

Supreme Being, Cult of. 1794. French Revolution. Robespierre. Cult of Reason.

Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre. 1881-1955. French Jesuit philosopher. Man is evolving toward final spiritual unity.

Terror, The. 1793-4. 17000 executed by revolutionary tribunal in French Revolution. Robespierre.

Thermidor, Coup of 9. 1794. French moderatism after Terror. Directory. Robespierre executed. Jacobins persecuted.

Trudeau, Pierre. 1919-2000. Canadian Liberal Prime Minister 1969~84. Constitution Act 1982; Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Vernier, Pierre. 1580-1637. French inventor of graduated precision scale.

Villeneuve, Pierre. 1763-1806. French admiral defeated at Trafalgar.

Abbadids. 1023-91. Moslem dynasty in Andalusia.

Abbeville Treaty. 1258. England returns Normandy to France.

Abd al-Mumin. 1094-1163. Founded Almohad Empire in north Africa and Spain. Massacred Almoravids.

Abd ar-Rahman. -732. Moslem Governor of Andalusia. Def, killed at Poitiers.

Abd el-Krim. 1882-1963. Fought France and Spain in Morocco. Founded Republic of Rif 1921-26.

Abel. Old Testament. Second son of Adam and Eve. Killed by Cain.

Abjuration, Act. 1581. Dutch declaration of independence from Spain. Republic 1588.

Abo, Treaty. 1743. Sweden cedes SE Finland to Russia.

Abstract Art. 20C. Color, line and form without subject. Begun by Cezanne.

Académie Française. Assembly of 40 “immortals” founded 1635 by Richelieu to set literary standards, language.

Academy. c387BC-529. Greek school founded by Plato dedicated to exploration of science and philosophical truth. Closed by Justinian.

Achates. Aeneas’ armour bearer and friend in Greek mythology.

Acid Rain. 1940-. Rain and fog of pH<5.5 caused by industrial air pollution. Prevalent in North America, Eastern Europe.

Acre. 1450BC- Egypt/ Assyria/ Persia/ Macedonia. 336BC Alexander...Egypt. 1C Rome. 614 Persia. 638 Moslem. 969 Egypt. 1079 Seljuk. 1099 Crusaders. 1104 Jerusalem. 1187 Saladin. 1191 Crusaders. 1291 Mameluks. 1517 Turks. 1918 British. 1948 Israel.

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