Moldavia (former). 14C Vlachs establish. 1349 Independent. 14C +Bessarabia. 16C Autonomous/Ottoman. 1774 Russian protectorate. 1774 -Bessarabia. 1859 +Walachia =Romania. 1940 Part ceded to MSSR.

Molière, Jean-Baptiste. 1622-73. French comedy actor, playwright. School for Wives 1662. Tartuffe 1664. Don Juan 1665. Misanthrope. Died in role of Malade Imaginaire.

Molinos, Miguel. 1628-96. Spanish priest. Quietism. Died in prison during Inquisition.

Molly Maguires. 1835-55 Irish anti-landlord society. 1862-77 Irish terrorists in PA coal mining area.

Molotov. 1890-1986. Soviet Stalinist Prime Minister 1930-41.

Moltke, Helmuth von. 1800-91. Chief of Staff of Prussian army 1857-70, German 1870-88.

Mommsen, Theodor. 1817-1903. German historian. History of Rome 1854.

Monarchianism. 190-3C. Christian Adoptionist heresy. God and Jesus are one being.

Monasticism. Seeking of spiritual perfection by living apart from society.

Mondrian, Piet. 1872-1944. Dutch neoplastic abstract De Stijl movement painter. Composition with Yellow and Blue 1929. New York City 1943.

Monet, Claude. 1840-1926. Originator of Impressionist open-air painting direct from nature. Impression Sunrise 1872. Nymphéas 1906-26.

Mongol Empire. Asia. Established 1207 by Genghis Khan. Peak included Persia, China, Russia. 1260- Fragmented. Yuan. Golden Horde. Tamerlane.

Mongolia. 13C Empire. 1686 China (Manchu). Outer Mongolia: 1913 Independent. 1921 Communist revolution. 1924 People’s Republic. Inner Mongolia: «China.

Monnet, Jean. 1888-1979. French economist. “Father of Common Market”.

Monophysitism. 4C- Heretical Christian doctrine. Jesus has single divine nature. Coptics. Monothelitism. Nestorianism. Dualism. Chalcedon.

Monothelitism. 622-713. Christian heresy. Jesus had human and divine natures but only divine will. Monophysitism.

Monroe Doctrine. 1823. No interference by Europe in Western Hemisphere. No US interference in Europe.

Montagnards. 1792-5. French revolutionary extremists led by Robespierre. Terror. Plain.

Montaigne, Michel de. 1533-92. French sceptical humanist essayist. On Humanism 1580.

Montanism. 156-9C. Montanus’ ascetic Christian movement of illuminati expecting the Millenium.

Montcalm, Louis. 1712-59. French general killed defending Quebec against the English. Seven Years War.

Monte di Pietà. 1463. Italian institute to lend money to poor at low interest.

Montecassino. 529. Oldest Benedictine Monastery.

Montespan, Mme de. 1641-1707. Mistress of Louis XIV, 1667-80. Poisons Affair.

Montessori, Maria. 1870-1952. Italian educator. System based on spontaneity and self motivation 1907.

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