Macaulay, Thomas. 1800-59. British politician, writer. Essays 1843. History of England 1849-61 the “Whig interpretation of history”.

MacBride, Seán. 1904-88. Irish statesman. Founded Republican Party 1946. Foreign minister 1948-1951. Founder, chairman 1961-75 Amnesty International. Assistant UN Secretary General.

MacDonald, John A. 1815-91. Key to British North America Act, Conservative. First Prime Minister of Canada 1867~91. Pacific Railway.

MacDonald, Ramsay. 1866-1937. First British Labour Prime Minister 1924~35.

Macedonianism. 360. Christian heresy. Holy Ghost subordinate to Father and Son.

Mach, Ernest. 1838-1916. Founded Scientific Positivism 1905. Relates physics and psychology. Vienna Circle.

Machaut, Guillaume de. c1300-77. French composer of secular and church music in Ars Nova style.

Machiavelli, Niccolo. 1469-1527. Florentine amoral cynic, statesman, historian and writer. The Prince 1513. -“End justifies the means”. -“Appear virtuous, act to maintain power”.

Mackenzie, Alexander. c1764-1820. Scottish/Canadian explorer. First transcontinental journey 1793.

MacLeod, J.J.R. 1876-1935. Scotland. Discovered insulin with Banting, Best.

MacMillan, Harold. 1894-1986. British Conservative Prime Minister 1957-63.

Macready, William. 1793-1873. English actor. Rivalry with Forrest caused NY Opera House Riot, 1849.

Maderno, Carlo. 1556-1629. Swiss architect. Founded Baroque style. St. Peter’s facade 1607.

Madison, James. 1751-1836. US President. 1809-17. “Father of US Constitution.”

Madras Mutiny. 1809. European officers vs British East India Co.

Maerlant, Jacob van. 1225-91. Flemish didactic poet. Spiegel Historiael 1282-91.

Maeterlinck, Maurice. 1862-1949. Belgian Symbolist poet/playwright. Pelléas et Mélisande 1892.

Mafia. Cosa Nostra. 13C-. Sicilian crime organization.

Magdeburg. 1631. German republic destroyed by Tilly in Thirty Years War.

Magellan, Ferdinand. c1480-1521 Portuguese navigator. Died leading first circumnavigation of the world. Discovered Straits of Magellan 1520.

Magenta, Battle. 1859. France, Piedmont defeat Austria creating Italian Unity. Carnage led to founding of Red Cross. Eponymous dye discovered 1859.

Magi. Persian priest caste. Caspar, Melchior, Belthazar bore gifts to Jesus.

Maginot. André. 1877-1932. French statesman. Built line of fortifications in the east of France 1928-38, leaving French overconfident vs German threat.

Magnus VI. 1238-80. Norwegian king 1263-. Law system.

Magritte, René. 1898-1967. Belgian Surrealist painter. Ceci n’est pas un pipe 1948. Castle of the Pyrenees 1962.

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