Astarte. Semitic goddess. =Aphrodite.

Aston, Francis. 1877-1945. English physicist. Mass spectrograph.

Astor, John. 1763-1848. German/US fur magnate.

Astor, Nancy. 1879-1964. First woman to sit in British House of Commons, 1919-45.

Asturias. Former Spanish kingdom. 3-2C BC Rome. 5C Visigoth. 718-910 Only Christian kingdom on Iberia. 910 + León.

Atatürk (Mustafa Kemal). 1881-1938. Turkish founder, first president, 1923. 1919-22 drove Greeks out. Major reforms to modernize Turkey.

Athanasius, St. c296-373. Bishop of Alexandria: advocated Doctine of Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Ghost) vs divinity of Christ. Council of Nicaea.

Atheism. Positive disbelief in the existence of God.

Athelstan. 895-939. First king of all England 925-. Regulated Royal Mint 928.

Athos, Mt. 963-. Greek theocracy, site of Orthodox monasteries.

Atom Bomb. 1945 US. 1949 USSR. 1952 Britain. 1960 France. 1964 China. 1974 India. 1989 South Africa (dismantled). 1998 Pakistan. ? Israel. 1990s Argentina, Brazil. Soon: Iraq, Iran, North Korea. H-Bomb. Neutron Bomb.

Atomism. 5C BC. World is an infinity of small indestructible particles. Leucippus.

Atropos. Fate of the inevitable, cut the string of life.

Attalid. c230-135BC. Dynasty of Pergamum.

Attlee, Clement. 1883-1967. British Labour Prime Minister. 1945-51. National Health. Nationalization.

Attwood, Thomas. 1783-1856. British Chartist.

Aubusson Tapestry Works. 17 and 18C works for aristocracy and bourgeoisie.

Auden, W.H. 1907-73. English/US poet/opera librettist. The Rake’s Progress 1951.

Audubon, John. 1785-1851. US ornitholigist, artist. Birds of America.

Auer, Carl. 1858-1929. Austrian chemist. Incandescent gas lamp 1898.

Augeas. Elidian king, Hercules cleaned his stables.

Augsburg Confession. 1530. Doctrine of faith of Lutheran Church. Consubstantiation. Predestination. Diet of Augsburg. Melanchthon.

Augustine, St. 354-430. Author of Confessions, City of God. Bishop of Hippo. “God is omnipotent.” Introduced Neoplatonic Determinism to Christianity. Church should rule state.

Augustine of Canterbury, St. -c605. Apostle of England 597. First Archbishop of Canterbury 601. Converted King Ethelbert of Kent.

Augustinians. RC religious orders following Rule of St. Augustine.

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