Ellsworth, Lincoln. 1880-1951. US explorer. First flight across Arctic 1926, Antarctica 1935.

Éloi, St. c588-660. Treasurer to Clotaire II and Dagobert. Goldsmith.

Éluard, Paul. 1895-1952. French surrealist poet.

Embla. First woman in Norse mythology. Ask.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo. 1803-82. US essayist/ poet. Transcendentalist. Woodnotes 1846, Brahma 1867, English Traits 1856, Self-Reliance.

Émigrés. Royalist sympathizers who fled France during Revolution.

Emmet, Robert. 1778-1803. Leader of failed Irish nationalist uprising. Executed.

Empire. First. France under Napoleon I 1804-14. 2nd. Napoleon III, 1852-70.

Empire. Style of Art. 1804-14. Classical heroic grandiose trend from Napoleon’s court. Arc de Triomphe, 1806.

Empire of the East. 286-1453. Eastern Roman Empire ruled from Byzantium. =Byzantine Emp.

Empire of the West. 286-476. Rome and Western part of Roman Empire. Ends 476, Romulus Augustulus deposed.

Empire of the West. 800-. State founded by Charlemagne, continued to 1806 as the Holy Roman Empire. Succeeded Roman Emperor of the West. Split Eastern kingdoms.

Empire State Building. 1930. New York.

Encomienda. 16-18C Spanish system of Indian forced labour.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

Enesco, Georges. 1881-1955. Romanian folk theme composer. National style.

Engels, Friedrich. 1820-95. German socialist philosopher. Communist Manifesto 1848. Marx. Coined “Industrial Revolution” 1845. Finished Das Kapital 1894.

Enghien, Duc d’. Prince of Condé. 1772-1804. Executed for alleged plot against Napoleon.

England. c1800BC Beaker folk. 8C BC Celt. 150BC Belgae. 55BC-407 Rome. 5C Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. 9C Dane(N,E). 10C A-S/Dane. 1042 Anglo-Saxon. 1066 Norman. 1204 -Normandy. 1707 Great Britain. 1801 United Kingdom.

Enlightenment. 17-18C. Intellectual movement. Rationalism, natural laws vs dogma, authority. J-J Rousseau. Smith. Mendlessohn. Fontenelle. Voltaire. Montesquieu. Hume. Berkeley. Sturm und Drang.

Ennius, Quintus. 239-169BC. Roman poet. Annales-History of Rome.

Enoch. Eldest son of Cain.

Enragés. 1793. Parisian extremists overthrow Girondins.

Ensor, James. 1860-1949. Belgian painter and engraver. Pessimistic fantasy and social commentary.

Eolithic. 750,000-250,000BC. Earliest stone age.

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