Gabon. Mpongwe. 1485 Portugal. 1839 France 1889 «Congo. 1910 French Equatorial Africa. 1940 Free France. 1946 French Territory. 1960 Independent republic.

Gaiseric. 390-477. Vandal and Alani King 428-. Conquered Roman Africa 429. Sacked Rome 455.

Garvey, Marcus. 1887-1940. Jamaican/US black nationalist. Back to Africa Movement.

German East Africa. 1891 German protectorate. 1919 Tanganyika, Ruanda Urundi.

Henry the Navigator. 1394-1460. Portuguese prince. Sponsored African exploration. School of Navigation 1423.

Islam. =Muhammadism. 7C-. Monotheistic religion based on Koran. 1/6 of world’s population, especially north Africa, Middle East, SW Asia. Sunni. Shi’ite. Caliphate Empire.

Italian East Africa. 1936-41. Italian colonies in Africa. Ethiopia, Eritrea, Italian Somaliland.

Justinian. 483-565. Eastern Roman Emperor, conquered Africa and Italy. Codified Roman law 529. Closed all non-Christian schools, beginning Dark Ages. Nika Riot. Corpus Juris Civilis. Hagia Sophia. Digest 553. Ulpian.

Kenya. 7C Arab. 1498 Portugal. 1729 Arab. 1887 British East Africa Company...1895 British protectorate = British East Africa. 1920 British colony = Kenya. 1963 Independent kingdom. 1964 Republic.

Leo Africanus. 1485-1554. Arab/Christian traveler. Descriptions of Africa 1550.

Livingstone, David. 1813-73. Scottish missionary, central Africa 1840-73. Discovered Victoria Falls, Zambesi River. Stanley.

Lotus Eaters. African peoples of Odyssey who were forgetful and idle.

Lutuli, Albert. 1898-1967. African Zulu chief. Pacifist ANC President 1952-. Let My People Go 1962.

Necho. -595BC. Egyptian pharaoh 610-. Aided Assyria vs Babylonians. Expedition sailed around Africa.

North Africa Campaign. 1940-3. Montgomery, Alexander defeat Rommel’s Afrikan Korps.

Nubia. 8C BC-c300 AD. NE African kingdom conquered Egypt. Sudan.

Numidia. 3C BC-428. Country in N Africa. 46BC Rome. 428 Vandal. ≈Algeria.

OAU. Organization of African Unity. 1963. Formed to improve living standards and eliminate colonialism.

Ottoman Empire. 1300-1922. Turkish empire in Balkans, Near East, N Africa. Conquered Byzantine Empire. 1402 Destroyed by Tamerlane. 1413 Rebuilt by Mehmed. 1453 Conquered Constantinople. Eastern Question. Mehmed II. Süleiman the Magnificent. Turkey.

Pan-African Congress. 1900~45. Promoted interests of blacks worldwide.

Phoenicians. Canaanites. 30-4C BC. Eastern Mediterranean traders from England to Africa. 20C BC Tyre. 15C BC invented alphabet. 814BC Carthage.

Prester John. Legendary Christian ruler of vast lands in Africa or Asia.

Rommel, Erwin. 1891-1944. German WWII Field Marshal in Africa 1941-3, France 1944. “Desert Fox”. Plotted vs Hitler. Suicide.

Ruanda Urundi. Batwa. Bahuta. 14C Watusi. 1897 German East Africa. 1916 Belgium. 1923 League of Nations mandate 1962 Independent. Rwanda, Burundi.

Schweitzer, Albert. 1875-1965. German medical missionary to Africa 1913-.

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