Senegal. Wolof, Fulani, Serer, Tukulor. 1406 Bettencourt explored. 15C Portugal. 1626 French settle. 1895 French colony. 1959 +Sudanese Republic=Mali Federation. 1960 -Mali=Independent republic.

Serapis. Egyptian deity of sun, healing.

Serfdom. Feudalism.

Serra, Junipero. 1713-84. Spanish missionary to California.

Servandoni, G.N. 18C Italian/French architect. St. Sulpice facade 1732.

Severini, Gino. 1883-1966. Italian Futurist painter.

Shaw, George Bernard. 1856-1950. Irish socialist writer/dramatist of wit and satire. Man and Superman 1903. Pygmalian 1913. St. Joan 1923. Fabian.

Shi’ite. Major Moslem sect believing in Mahdi at the millenium. Official religion of Iran. Sunni. Fatimid. Assassin. Druze. Ali.

Shostakovich, Dmitri. 1906-75. Russian. Composed complex profound intense personal works. Rebuked by Stalin. Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk 1934.

Sikhism. NW India monotheistic religion. Meditation exercises to realize God. Nanak.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

Siqueiros, David. 1896-1974. Mexican socialist mural painter. Third World. March of Humanity.

Slansky Trial. 1952. Jewish Czech communists purged during Stalin anti-semitism. Those executed were restored to party membership 1968.

Smetana, Bedrich. 1824-84. Czech Nationalist opera composer. Bartered Bride 1866. “-Father of Czech music”.

Smith Act. 1940. Alien Registration Act.

Snellman, Johan. 1806-81. Finnish nationalist. Established national language.

Sobrero, Ascanio. 1812-88. Italian. Nitroglycerine 1846.

Social Security. First in Germany: 1883-89. UK 1911; Canada 1927; US 1935-66. Poor Laws. National Insurance.

Socialism. 19C-. Movement opposing Liberalism, Capitalism. Advocates equal rights, just distribution of property, well-being of proletariat through reform or revolution. Utopia.

Socialism, Utopian. Saint-Simon’s concept of government redistributing wealth according to capacity and performance.

Socialist Party. 1892 Italy; 1905 France; 1932 Japan. 1932 Canada.

Socialist Party. 1901-30. US party advocating socialism based on earlier Social Democratic and Social Labor (1876) Parties. Ideas applied to New Deal.

Socialist Revolutionary Party. 1901-22. Russia. Sought classless society. Suppressed by Bolsheviks.

Socinus, Laelius. 1525-62. Italian founder of Socinianism.

Sol. Ancient Italian sun god.

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