Burgundy. 5C BC Rome. 5C Burgundians settle. 534 Merovingian. 843 divided; W=duchy. 1016 France 1364 Independent duchy. 1477 France(W)/Hapsburg(E).

Cadiz. 1100BC Phoenicia...501BC Carthage. 206BC Rome. 409 Visigoth. 535 Byzantine. 711 Moors 1262 Castile.

Caledonia. Roman name for north of Britain ≈Scotland.

Cambrai League. 1508-10. Holy Roman Empire, Aragon, France, Rome vs Venice.

Camillus, Marcus Furius. 4C BC. Defended Rome against Gaul attack, 387BC. Elected dictator.

Cannae, Battle. 216BC. Hannibal victory over Rome.

Cantabri. Iberian tribe def by Romans.

Capua. (Ancient) c600BC Etruria. c440BC Samnites. 338BC Rome. 216BC Hannibal. 211BC Rome. 456 Vandals. c840 Saracens destroy. Rebuilt as Sta Maria Capua Vetere.

Carausius, Marcus. 245-293. Rebel Roman General. Ruled Britain 286-.

Carrhae, Battle. 53BC. Failed Roman invasion of Parthia. Crassus killed. End of first triumvirate.

Carthage. 814BC Phoenician colony. Dido. 574BC Independence after Tyre falls. 480BC Republic. 264-146BC Punic Wars. Hannibal. 146BC Rome razes, rebuilds. 439 Vandals plunder. 533 Byzantine. 705 Moslem. Tunis.

Cassino. 1944. Town, monastery destroyed in German defence of route to Rome.

Cassiopeia. Andromeda’s mother.

Catalonia. Iberians. Colonized by Phoenicia, Greece, Carthage. c200BC Rome. 5C Goths. 712 Moors. c788 Charlemagne. 1137 +Aragon. 1932 Autonomous. 1939 Spain.

Catiline. 109-62BC. Roman patrician who conspired against Cicero and the Senate.

Cato, Marcus. 234-149BC. Roman statesman, censor, writer. Opposed Greek influence.

Catolacus. 1C Roman settlement in Paris quarter of St-Denis.

Catullus, Gaius. c87-54BC. Roman lyric poet: Lesbia.

Catulus, Gaius. 3C BC. Roman General. Defeated Carthage. Ended First Punic War.

Celts. Central European peoples who settled Spain, Gaul, Asia Minor 3000BC, and invaded Great Britain c3C BC. Plundered Rome 390BC. Thrived in Britain. after Romans. Invaded Greece 279-276BC. Forced to Wales by Invasions 5C. = Roman “Gauls”.

Ceres. Roman goddess of growth. = Demeter.

Ceuta. c12C BC Phoenicia. 1C BC Rome. 5C Vandal. 6C Byzantine. 618 Visigoth. 711 Moslem. 1415 Portugal. 1580 Spain. 1810 Britain. 1814 Spain.

Chalcedon, Council. 451. Clarified orthodox Catholic beliefs. Sees of Rome and Byzantium established. Christ’s dual nature.

Cicero, Marcus. 106-43BC. Roman orator. Opposed Caesar and Antony. Executed. De Re Republica 54-51BC.

Cimbri. 2C BC. Germanic tribe. Invaded Rome. Annihilated.

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