Chicago School. 19C. US architectural style. Skyscrapers. Wright.

Clement VII. Antipope 1378-94. Avignon. Election caused Great Schism.

Clement VIII. Antipope 1423-29. Ended Great Schism.

Clocks. 3500BC Gnomon. 2000BC Chinese. 8C BC sundial 4C BC Greek water clock. 300BC hemispherical sundial 160BC Rome. 12C mechanical. 1379 de Vick. 1657 Huygens pendulum.

Cocoa. 1494 brought to Europe by Columbus.

Colet, John. 1467-1519. English theologian. Founded St. Paul’s School, 1509.

Colombia. 1502. Columbus discovers. 1538 Spain 1819 Gran Colombia. 1830 Colombia. 1946-64 La Violencia.

Columbus, Christopher. 1446-1506. Genoese navigator for Spain. Discovered America, 1492. Pinzon.

Concentration Camps. 1862-65 USA. 1899-1902. British internment of Boers in South Africa. 1922-91. USSR. 1933-45 Nazi prisons for extermination and slave labour. Buchenwald. Auschwitz. Dachau. 1942-6 US Relocation Centers. 1942-46 Canada. 1950’s Kenya. 1973 Chile.

Conciliarism. 12C-. General Council has greater power than pope. Popular during Great Schism.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Coptics. Monophysite Christian church in Egypt. 451 Schism from Rome.

Cornwallis, Charles. 1738-1805. British General. Ended American Revolution by surrender at Yorktown.

Corot, Camille. 1796-1875. French painter, forerunner of Barbizon school of Art. Narni Bridge 1827.

Costa Rica. 1502 Columbus discovers. 1564 Spain settles. 1821 Independent. 1822 Mexican Empire. 1823 CAF. 1838 Republic.

Crichton, James “The Admirable”. 1560-82. Scottish adventurer/scholar.

Cuba. Ciboney, Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. 1511 Spanish colony. 1517 Slaves brought. 1898 US. Spanish-American War. 1902 Republic. 1957-9 Castro Revolution, Communist dictatorship.

Cyrenaics. 4C BC. Greek school of philosophy. Pleasure is the highest good. Epicureanism.

Darien Scheme. 1698-1700. Failed Scottish attempt to colonize Panama.

Dawes, Charles. 1865-1951. US statesman. Dawes Plan.

De La Tour, George. 1593-1652. French Caravaggist painter. Cheater with the Ace of Diamonds.

Denmark. 6C Viking. 9C Large kingdom + NE England. 10C United; + Norway. 1013-1042 + England. 12C + N Germany. 13C Civil war. 1340 Re-united. 1380 + Norway. 1388 -1523 + Sweden. 1720 Colonized Greenland. 1814 -Norway. 1815-64 +Schleswig, Holstein. WWI Neutral. 1920 +N Schleswig. WWII German occupation. 1944 -Iceland.

DGB. 1949-. Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund. Dominant German trade union.

Dickens, Charles. 1812-1870. English popular humanitarian writer and social critic. Created original, colorful memorable characters. Pickwick Papers 1837. Oliver Twist 1838. Christmas Carol 1843. David Copperfield 1850. Great Expectations 1861.

Dolet, Étienne. 1509-46. French scholar. Executed for denying the soul’s immortality.

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