Sistine Chapel. 1473. Vatican. Walls by Botticelli, Ghirlandaio; ceiling by Michelangelo 1508-12. Last Judgement 1534-41.

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr. 1918-2008. Russian novelist. Expelled 1974. Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich 1962. Gulag Archipelago 1973.

South Sea Bubble. 1711-20. England sold trade monopolies to reduce National Debt. Their resale at speculative prices led to financial ruin for thousands. George I implicated. Walpole.

Stamboliyski, Aleksandur. 1879-1923. Bulgarian Prime Minister, Dictator 1919-. Killed in right-wing coup.

Standard Time. 1884. Standardized one hour divisions from Greenwich. Fleming.

Sulla, Lucius. 138-78BC. Roman consul 88-79. Dictator 82-79. Civil war with Marius. Murdered thousands of opponents. Conquered Athens. Constitutional reforms.

Ten Thousand, Expedition of. 401BC. Xenophon leads Persian-paid Greek mercenaries out of Iraq.

Ten Thousand Immortals. Core of Achaemenid army.

Thessaloniki. 315BC Rebuilt by Cassander. 168BC Rome...Byzantine. 42BC Independent. 8-12C Many conquerers. 904 Saracen. 1185 Norman. 1246 Byzantine. 1423 Venice. 1430 Turks. 1913 Greece.

Thousand, Expedition of the. 1860. Garibaldi takes Sicily, Naples for Victor Emmanuel II.

Tsankov, Aleksandur. 1879-1959. Dictatorial Bulgarian Prime Minister 1923-6 following coup.

Two Thousand Words. 1968. Czech proclamation supporting Dubcek reforms prompts Russian Invasion.

Ugolino della Gherardesca. -1289. Italian Guelf noble. Executed by starvation for treason.

Vesalius, Andreas. 1514-64. Belgian anatomist. Anatomy 1543.

Volta, Alessandro. 1745-1827. Italian physicist: electric battery 1800.

Wallenberg, Raoul. 1912-47?. Swedish diplomat. Saved thousands of Jews in WWII Budapest. Jailed by Soviets. Holocaust.

Welfs. 12C dynasty in Bavaria and Saxony defeated by Hohenstaufen. Guelfs.

Xenophon. 431-350BC. Greek general/historian. Expedition of Ten Thousand. Anabasis. Hellenica.

Creek War. 1813-14. Creek Indians defeated by Jackson, give up lands to US.

Abbaye Prison. Principal site of 1792 September Massacres.

Abd al-Mumin. 1094-1163. Founded Almohad Empire in north Africa and Spain. Massacred Almoravids.

Amboina Massacre. 1623. 20 British and Japanese merchants executed by Dutch for plotting overthrow.

Amboise Conspiracy. 1560. Failed Huguenot plot to kidnap French king. Led to massacre of 1200 Huguenots.

Armenian Massacres. 1894-1918. 1.8M Armenians killed in Turkey.

Barrackpore Mutiny. 1824. Indian troops vs British commanders. Troops massacred.

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