Whiteboys. 1760. Irish peasants harass landlords, tax collectors, Protestant clergy. 1860-85. Secret Ribbonist movement.

Wilder, Thornton. 1897-1975. US playwright. Bridge of San Luis Rey 1927. Our Town 1938.

Xenophon. 431-350BC. Greek general/historian. Expedition of Ten Thousand. Anabasis. Hellenica.

Yalta Conference. 1945. Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin. Decided partition of Europe after WWII. USSR enters war vs Japan. Potsdam. San Francisco Peace.

Yerba Buena. 1776-1846. Spanish mission...San Francisco.

Zimbabwe. 11C Shona. 15C Karanga Empire. 16C Portugal explores. 1890 British South Africa Co. 1911 Southern Rhodesia. 1953 +Nyasaland. 1964 =Rhodesia. 1965 Declared indepence, international sanctions. 1979 Independent. =Zimbabwe. ZAPU. ZANU. Mugabe.

Benavente y Martinez, Jacinto. 1866-1954. Spanish dramatist: Bonds of Interest 1907.

Bible. Hebrew and Christian sacred scriptures translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. 3C BC Greek translation. 1382 Wycliffe, Rogers, English. 1522-34 Luther, German. 1611 King James version. Vulgate by St. Jerome. Apocrypha.

Buber, Martin. 1878-1965. Austrian/Israeli philosopher. I and Thou 1923. -Man’s relation to God.

Civil Rights Movement. 1950-91. US movement to obtain rights for blacks. 1955 Parks. 1963 March on Washington. King speech. 1991 Civil Rights Act.

Columbus, Christopher. 1446-1506. Genoese navigator for Spain. Discovered America, 1492. Pinzon.

Constance, Council. 1414-18. Ended Great Schism. Church council victory over papal power. Martin V elected pope.

Delany, Martin. 1812-85. US black physician. Founded Mystery newspaper for black rights.

Eck, Johann. 1486-1543. Opposed Luther, Protestantism.

Erasmus, Desiderius. c1466-1536. Dutch Humanist ecclesiastic reform writer. Published first New Testament based on Greek, 1516. Reason over ignorance and superstition. Opposed Luther. Praise of Folly. Enchiridion: Christ requires of us nothing but a pure and sincere life.

Existentialism. Philosophy. Existence is concrete. Man has choice. Responsibility, freedom. Anti-conformism. Kierkegaard. Sartre. Heidegger.

Frobisher, Martin. 1535-94. British navigator in search of North-West passage 1576.

Heidegger, Martin. 1889-1976. German Existentialist philosopher. Being and Time 1927.

Kierkegaard, Sören. 1813-55. Danish founder of Existentialism. Either-Or 1843. Fear and Trembling 1843. Influenced Heidegger. Individual must consciously choose among life’s alternatives.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. 1929-68. US non-violent black Civil Rights activist. Assassinated.

Lamartine, Alphonse de. 1790-1869. French Romantic poet. Méditations Poétiques 1820.

Leipzig Debate. 1519. Luther vs Eck. Both claim victory.

Luther, Martin. 1483-1546. German Christian reformer opposed to indulgences. Wittenberg. -’Even if heaven and hell do not exist, education is important’ Justification by faith alone. Melanchthon. 95 Theses 1517. Treatise on Christian Liberty. New Testament translated to vernacular 1522. Catechisms 1529. Canticles 1533. Excommunicated 1520, burns Papal Bull. Choral composer: moral effects of music.

March on Washington. 1963. 200,000 in civil rights march led by King-“I have a dream”.

Martin, St. c316-97. Bishop of Tours. Introduced monasticism to France. French patron saint.

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